Frecuencia de las clases de Educación Física y calidad de sueño según género en estudiantes de la región de Valparaíso, Chile (Frequency of Physical Education classes and quality of sleep according to gender in students of the Valparaíso region, Chile)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v58.106778Palabras clave:
adolescents, mental health, exercise, education, human well-beingResumen
La cantidad de horas de Educación Física (EFI) podrían estar asociadas a beneficios en la calidad del sueño de adolescentes. El objetivo de este estudio fue determinar la asociación de la frecuencia de clases de EFI y la calidad de sueño en estudiantes de enseñanza media de colegios de la quinta región de Valparaíso. Participaron 286 estudiantes (113 mujeres y 173 hombres), con un promedio de edad de 16,3±2,64 años (16,0±0,99 mujeres, 16,4±3,29 varones). Se utilizó el cuestionario Youth Activity Profile versión para Latinoamérica (YAP-SL) para determinar la frecuencia de las clases de Educación Física semanal, mientras que la calidad subjetiva del sueño fue evaluada utilizando el Índice de Calidad del Sueño de Pittsburgh (PSQI). Un 55,8% de las mujeres y 62,4% de los hombres tiene una vez Educación Física en la semana y los hombres tienen una mayor cantidad de clases de educación física a la semana que las mujeres (p= 0,043; COC= 0,196). En el PSQI, los hombres presentan un puntaje menor (15,6 puntos) por lo tanto una mejor calidad del sueño en comparación con las mujeres (19,5 puntos) (p<0,001). Se observó una asociación positiva entre cantidad de clases de Educación Física semanales y la calidad de sueño en los escolares (p=0,033; β= -0,306). En conclusión, un mayor número de clases de Educación Física se asocia a una mejor calidad de sueño en los estudiantes, resultados que sugieren la intervención de las autoridades, que, entre otros puntos, incrementan la frecuencia de las clases de Educación Física en el sistema educativo chileno.
Palabras clave: adolescentes, salud mental, ejercicio, educación, bienestar humano.
Abstract. The number of hours of Physical Education could be associated with benefits in sleep quality in adolescents. The aim of this study was to determine the association between the frequency of Physical Education classes and sleep quality in high school students from schools in the fifth region of Valparaíso. A total of 286 students participated (113 females and 173 males), with an average age of 16.3±2.64 years (16.0±0.99 females, 16.4±3.29 males). The Youth Activity Profile Latin American version (YAP-SL) questionnaire was used to determine the frequency of weekly Physical Education classes, while subjective sleep quality was assessed using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). 55.8% of women and 62.4% of men have PE once a week and men have a higher number of PE classes per week than women (p= 0.043; COC= 0.196). In the PSQI, men had a lower score (15.6 points) and therefore a better sleep quality compared to women (19.5 points) (p<0.001). A positive association was observed between the number of weekly physical education classes and sleep quality in schoolchildren (p=0.033; β= -0.306). In conclusion, a greater number of Physical Education classes is associated with a better quality of sleep in students, results that suggest the intervention of the public authorities, which, among other points, increase the frequency of Physical Education classes in the Chilean educational system.
Key words: adolescents, mental health, exercise, education, human well-being.
Citas
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