Resumen
Las aplicaciones de IA generativa permiten funciones útiles para el aprendizaje basadas en la generación de contenidos. Este artículo ofrece un marco teórico para entenderlas como herramientas para la cognición (HPC), enmarcado en la perspectiva de la teoría sociocultural, la teoría de la actividad y la cognición distribuida. Esta perspectiva ejemplifica cómo el pensamiento no sólo está empaquetado dentro de la mente, sino que se distribuye entre sujetos, objetos y artefactos, donde las herramientas median la actividad humana y ayudan en las funciones ejecutivas del pensamiento. Encarna una visión en la que los alumnos construyen su conocimiento con ellas, aprovechando sus posibilidades. Es la concepción de aprender "con" la tecnología en lugar de la visión tradicional de aprender "de" la tecnología, donde las aplicaciones tecnológicas se limitan a proporcionar información y evaluar las respuestas de los estudiantes. Finalmente, describimos las aplicaciones de IA Generativa como HPC siguiendo los criterios pragmáticos y pedagógicos de David Jonassen, como la capacidad de representación del conocimiento, la facilitación del pensamiento crítico y significativo (basado en preguntas y prompts) y cómo permiten el pensamiento complejo entre estudiantes cuando se utilizan en tareas de aprendizaje, solamente cuando las funciones ejecutivas las realizan ellos.
Citas
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