Nutrición y ejercicio físico, una considerable propuesta de ayuda no farmacológica ante el COVID-19 (Nutrition and exercise, a considerable proposal for non-pharmacological help against COVID-19)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v45i0.91455Palabras clave:
COVID-19, Nutrición, Ejercicio físico, Ayuda no farmacológica, (COVID-19; Nutrition; Exercise; non-pharmacological help)Resumen
La enfermedad por coronavirus 2019 es una enfermedad infecciosa que se identificó por primera vez en la ciudad de Wuhan en China. Hasta la fecha, la obesidad sarcopénica y la desnutrición proteica-energética mantienen una estrecha asociación con la aparición de formas graves de COVID-19, por lo que la presente revisión se centra en la importancia de una alimentación y ejercicio físico adecuados con el objetivo de disminuir la severidad de las infecciones por COVID-19 y de qué forma estos confluyen para complementar tratamientos médicos. Un exceso de grasa corporal y la aparición de desnutrición, nos mantienen más vulnerables a contraer la enfermedad por coronavirus; una pandemia de gran magnitud que, para distintas organizaciones internacionales de salud, se encuentra vinculada a dos tópicos centrales: La nutrición y el ejercicio físico. El desarrollo y aplicación de nuevas intervenciones nutricionales y de ejercicio es requerida con urgencia con el objetivo de no solo reducir la obesidad, desnutrición y sarcopenia adquiridos durante la pandemia de la enfermedad por coronavirus sino también para brotes virales que posiblemente puedan acontecer a futuro.
Abstract: Coronavirus disease 2019 is an infectious disease that was first identified in the city of Wuhan in China. To date, sarcopenic obesity and protein-energy malnutrition maintain a close association with the appearance of severe forms of COVID-19, so this review focuses on the importance of adequate nutrition and physical exercise to reduce the severity COVID-19 infections and how they come together to complement medical treatments. An excess of body fat and the appearance of malnutrition, keep us more vulnerable to contracting the coronavirus disease; a pandemic of great magnitude that, for different international health organizations, is linked to two central topics: nutrition and physical exercise. The development and application of new nutritional and exercise interventions is urgently required with the aim of not only reducing obesity, malnutrition and sarcopenia acquired during the coronavirus disease pandemic but also for viral outbreaks that may possibly occur in the future.
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