Uso e impacto de las grabaciones audiovisuales del prácticum en la formación de profesores de educación física: scoping review (Use and impact of practicum audio-visual recordings in physical education teacher training: a scoping review)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v60.108926Palabras clave:
Formación docente, Prácticum, Tecnología, Observación, Sistema escolarResumen
Antecedentes: La búsqueda de herramientas que fortalezcan el prácticum en la formación docente ha generado nuevas formas de acompañamiento de los estudiantes. Entre estas herramientas, las grabaciones audiovisuales han surgido como un recurso valioso porque permiten a los futuros profesores de educación física revisar y reflexionar sobre su práctium. Objetivo: Explorar los diferentes usos e impacto de las grabaciones audiovisuales en el practicum de la formación de profesores de educación física. Método: Se realizó una revisión de alcance de artículos publicados entre 2004 y 2024 en bases de datos relevantes como Wos, Scopus, Sportdiscus, Scielo, ERIC y Dialnet. La revisión siguió la declaración PRISMA-ScR. Resultados: De un total de 179 estudios, se identificaron 14 documentos relevantes que fueron categorizados en tres dimensiones: a) Impacto en el desarrollo de competencias docentes; b) Fortalecimiento de la reflexión docente; c) Retroalimentación efectiva del prácticum. Conclusiones: Las grabaciones audiovisuales del prácticum en la formación de profesores de educación física tiene una diversidad de usos, incluyendo la autoevaluación de los estudiantes, el feedback por parte de los supervisores y compañeros, y como herramientas para la reflexión pedagógica y la mejora continua. Además, se demuestra tener un impacto positivo en el desarrollo de competencias pedagógicas, la autoconfianza en la práctica docente y el fomento de la mejora continua profesional.
Palabras clave: Formación docente, prácticum, tecnología, observación, sistema escolar.
Abstract. Background: The search for tools that strengthen the practicum in teacher training has generated new forms of student accompaniment. Among these tools, audiovisual recordings have emerged as a valuable resource because they allow future physical education teachers to review and reflect on their practicum. Objective: To explore the different uses and impact of audiovisual recordings in the practicum of physical education teacher training. Method: A scoping review of articles published between 2004 and 2024 in relevant databases such as Wos, Scopus, Sportdiscus, Scielo, ERIC and Dialnet was conducted. The review followed the PRISMA-ScR statement. Results: Of a total 179 studies, 14 relevant papers were identified and categorized into three dimensions: a) Impact on the development of teaching competencies; b) Strengthening of teaching reflection; c) Effective feedback of the practicum. Conclusions: Audiovisual recordings of practicum in physical education teacher training have a diversity of uses, including student self-evaluation, feedback from supervisors and peers, and as tools for pedagogical reflection and continuous improvement. In addition, it is shown to have a positive impact on the development of pedagogical competencies, self-confidence in teaching practice, and the promotion of continuous professional improvement.
Key words: Teacher training, practicum, technology, observation, school system.
Citas
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