Autoeficacia motriz, autoconcepto e IMC en adolescentes del área de Educación Física para una salud física y mental óptima (Motor self-efficacy, self-concept and BMI in Physical Education adolescents for optimal physical and mental health)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v59.106979Palabras clave:
educación física; autoeficacia motriz; autoconcepto; condición física; saludResumen
A medida que avanza la sociedad, la actividad física va cobrando importancia en la salud mental y física. La inactividad física y el sedentarismo son epidémicos entre los jóvenes, y los casos de obesidad y otras enfermedades no transmisibles van en aumento, lo que afecta a la salud física y mental de los más jóvenes. Por esta razón, este estudio investigó las asociaciones entre el autoconcepto, la autoeficacia motriz y el Índice de Masa Corporal (IMC) en función del sexo y la ubicación escolar. Se aplicó la prueba de Kolmogorov-Smirnov para aplicar pruebas no paramétricas, la Rho de Spearman para las correlaciones entre el autoconcepto y la autoeficacia motriz y el IMC, además de una prueba de regresión y, por último, el coeficiente alfa de Cronbach. Los resultados mostraron asociaciones significativas entre AF-5 y AEM, particularmente en la dimensión física. En cuanto al IMC, la correlación fue inversa y significativa sólo en chicosy entornos urbanos. Estos conceptos pueden tener un impacto en la adopción de prácticas saludables tanto a nivel individual como comunitario, contribuyendo a la promoción y mantenimiento de la salud. La interacción de estos elementos es compleja y diversa, y abordarlos adecuadamente puede tener un impacto significativo en la salud general del individuo y en la sociedad en su conjunto.
Palabras clave: educación física; autoeficacia motriz; autoconcepto; condición física; salud
Abstract. As society progresses, physical activity is becoming increasingly important for mental and physical health. Physical inactivity and sedentary lifestyles are epidemic among young people, and cases of obesity and other noncommunicable diseases are on the rise, affecting the physical and mental health of young people. For this reason, this study investigated the associations between self-concept, motor self-efficacy and Body Mass Index (BMI) as a function of sex and school location. The Kolmogorov-Smirnov test was applied to apply non-parametric tests, Spearman's Rho for correlations between self-concept and motor self-efficacy and BMI, in addition to a regression test and, finally, Cronbach's alpha coefficient. The results showed significant associations between PA-5 and AEM, particularly in the physical dimension. As for BMI, the correlation was inverse and significant only in boys and urban settings. These concepts can have an impact on the adoption of healthy practices at both the individual and community levels, contributing to health promotion and maintenance. The interaction of these elements is complex and diverse, and addressing them appropriately can have a significant impact on the overall health of the individual and society as a whole.
Keywords: physical education; motor self-efficacy; self-concept; physical fitness; health; physical education
Citas
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