Aprovechando los principios del aprendizaje autorregulado para mejorar la enseñanza y el aprendizaje de los métodos de investigación

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Anastasia Kitsantas
Timothy Cleary
Maria K. DiBenedetto

Resumen

INTRODUCCIÓN: La investigación educativa requiere dominar habilidades complejas, como realizar revisiones de la literatura, seleccionar diseños de investigación apropiados para abordar preguntas de investigación y la recopilación y el análisis de datos. Sin embargo, el reto radica en que los instructores de cursos de métodos de investigación a menudo tienen dificultades para ayudar a los estudiantes a comprender y aplicar estas habilidades y conceptos. Basado en la teoría del aprendizaje autorregulado (AAR), este artículo presenta un enfoque para integrar los principios del AAR en la formación en métodos de investigación con el fin de mejorar tanto las prácticas docentes como el aprendizaje de los estudiantes. MÉTODO: Utilizando un enfoque de análisis de contenido, examinamos estrategias de instrucción alineadas con los principios del AAR para mejorar la enseñanza de los métodos de investigación. Las características pedagógicas específicas (Kitsantas et al., 2025) diseñadas para estimular y promover las habilidades de AAR incluyeron objetivos de aprendizaje, preguntas de reflexión, mensajes clave, escenarios auténticos que contextualizan las prácticas de investigación y actividades de instrucción secuenciadas, como “¡Veámoslo!”, “¡Hagámoslo!” y “¡Hazlo tú!», que guían a los estudiantes desde las demostraciones guiadas hasta la aplicación independiente. También se revisó la integración de tecnologías de aprendizaje en los Sistemas de Gestión del Aprendizaje (LMS) como herramienta para fomentar la autonomía y el aprendizaje autodirigido del estudiante. RESULTADOS: El análisis mostró que la integración de estrategias de AAR en la enseñanza de métodos de investigación ofrece un gran potencial para fomentar la participación estudiantil, profundizar la comprensión conceptual y aumentar la confianza de los estudiantes en la investigación educativa. Los enfoques guiados por el AAR también pueden proveer a los estudiantes de habilidades de autorregulación transferibles que se pueden aplicar en diversos contextos de enseñanza. DISCUSIÓN: La aplicación de los principios del AAR a la enseñanza de métodos de investigación tiene el potencial de transformar tanto el diseño curricular como las prácticas docentes. Incorporar actividades y prácticas pedagógicas que fomenten el AAR puede mejorar la capacidad de los estudiantes para aplicar estrategias de aprendizaje efectivas, así como su desarrollo como consumidores críticos y analíticos de la investigación y su crecimiento profesional a largo plazo. Los conocimientos obtenidos destacan importantes implicaciones para el desarrollo curricular y señalan la necesidad de futuras investigaciones que examinen el impacto de los modelos de instrucción basados en el AAR en el aprendizaje y las competencias de investigación de los estudiantes, subrayando el papel transformador que el AAR puede desempeñar en el avance de la enseñanza de métodos de
investigación.

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Kitsantas, A., Cleary, T., & DiBenedetto, M. K. (2025). Aprovechando los principios del aprendizaje autorregulado para mejorar la enseñanza y el aprendizaje de los métodos de investigación. Bordón. Revista De Pedagogía, 77(3), 51–75. https://doi.org/10.13042/Bordon.2025.112824
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Biografía del autor/a

Anastasia Kitsantas, George Mason University (EE. UU.)

Anastasia Kitsantas (PhD), is a Professor of Educational Psychology in the College of Education and Human Development at George Mason University. Her research focuses on the development of self-regulated learning (SRL) and student motivation across domains of human functioning, with an emphasis on leveraging learning technologies to support and enhance SRL. She brings research methods to life through SRL-focused principles, empowering students to become independent, self-motivated thinkers who use educational research to address critical challenges in education.

Timothy Cleary, Rutgers University (EE. UU.)

Timothy J. Cleary (PhD), is a Professor in the Department of School Psychology at Rutgers University. Dr. Cleary has made long-standing contributions to the assessment and application of self-regulated learning principles to diverse populations, contexts, and domains of functioning, and has received several awards recognizing both the rigor of his scholarship and excellence in teaching.

Maria K. DiBenedetto, UNC Greensboro (EE. UU.)

Maria K. DiBenedetto (PhD), is an educational psychologist and Director of Assessment and Reporting at the Bryan School of Business and Economics at the University of North Carolina, Greensboro. Her research interests focus on self-regulation, learning, and student motivation. She has authored and edited books, chapters, and numerous articles on these topics.

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