Reabilitação física e seus avanços com realidade virtual: uma revisão sistemática
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v60.109195Palavras-chave:
Realidade virtual, Reabilitação física, Função motora, Eficácia terapêutica, Inovação tecnológicaResumo
A reabilitação física (FR) é crucial para tratar e recuperar pacientes com deficiências motoras causadas por condições como acidente vascular cerebral e lesões musculoesqueléticas. As técnicas convencionais de RF têm limitações de acessibilidade, motivação do paciente e personalização do tratamento. A realidade virtual (RV) emergiu como uma ferramenta promissora que pode transformar a RF ao criar ambientes imersivos e personalizados, aumentando a motivação dos pacientes e fornecendo dados precisos sobre o seu progresso.
Este estudo foi conduzido como uma revisão sistemática da literatura recente (2015-2023) para avaliar a eficácia da RV em RF. As diretrizes PRISMA foram seguidas, abrangendo estudos randomizados controlados e ensaios clínicos no Scopus e PubMed. As análises incluíram a Escala de Jadad para avaliar a qualidade metodológica, a ferramenta Cochrane para risco de viés e GRADE para qualidade de evidência. A diretriz JAMA foi aplicada a estudos observacionais para avaliar a validade interna e externa.
Os resultados mostraram que a RV melhora significativamente a função motora, flexibilidade, coordenação, mobilidade e qualidade de vida em comparação com a reabilitação convencional. A maioria dos estudos obteve pontuações altas na Escala de Jadad e qualidade moderada a alta no GRADE, indicando força da evidência. Contudo, foram identificadas limitações como a heterogeneidade dos estudos e a falta de cegamento. Conclui-se que a RV tem potencial para revolucionar a FR, melhorando os resultados terapêuticos e a qualidade de vida dos pacientes.
Palavras-chave: Realidade virtual, Reabilitação física, Função motora, Eficácia terapêutica, Inovação tecnológica
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