Reducir la dismenorrea en adolescentes en edad escolar mediante la práctica de yoga: una revisión de la literatura (Reducing Dysmenorrhea In School-Aged Teenagers By Practising Yoga: A Literature Review)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v54.103066Palabras clave:
Yoga; Dismenorrea; Menstruación; AdolescentesResumen
Dismenorrea es el término utilizado para describir el dolor abdominal bajo que sienten las mujeres durante su ciclo menstrual. Las adolescentes que sufren dolor menstrual suelen tener calambres abdominales inferiores y otros síntomas que interfieren con las actividades diarias. Una alternativa a los medicamentos para tratar las molestias menstruales es el yoga. Este estudio tuvo como objetivo determinar si el yoga puede disminuir la dismenorrea en adolescentes matriculadas en la escuela. Este enfoque utiliza las bases de datos MEDLINE/PubMed, Scopus y Google Scholar para revisar la literatura. Durante el proceso de selección del artículo se respetó el enfoque PRISMA utilizado para esta revisión de la literatura. Los criterios de selección de la investigación incluyeron trabajos publicados en los últimos cinco años, específicamente de 2018 a 2023. Se empleó yoga para disminuir las molestias por dismenorrea en la población de investigación, compuesta por mujeres jóvenes con dolores mensuales. Entre 2018 y 2023, se descubrió que 666 estudios cumplían con los requisitos de selección de publicación. Se identificaron quince revistas que cumplían con los requisitos de este estudio mediante la ruta de búsqueda PRISMA. Según los datos, en 15 revistas se ha demostrado que el yoga tiene un efecto calmante sobre las molestias menstruales de las adolescentes. Por tanto, el yoga es una estrategia de tratamiento no farmacológica exitosa para reducir la dismenorrea en adolescentes en edad escolar. Esto se debe a que el yoga puede ser calmante y estimular al cuerpo a liberar endorfinas, que funcionan como analgésicos orgánicos. El yoga es una actividad suave que ayuda al cuerpo a evitar la rigidez, la presión, el dolor y el cansancio, al tiempo que aumenta la flexibilidad de forma segura. Mejora la capacidad pulmonar al respirar, mejora la circulación sanguínea, alivia el estrés físico y emocional y disminuye el dolor. Además, practicar yoga ayuda a las mujeres con síndrome premenstrual a sentirse más cómodas al reducir las peligrosas secreciones inflamatorias.
Palabras clave: Yoga; Dismenorrea; Menstruación; Adolescentes
Abstract. Dysmenorrhea is the term used to describe lower abdominal pain that women feel during their menstrual cycle. Teens suffering from menstrual pain typically have lower abdominal cramps and other symptoms that interfere with day-to-day activities. An alternative to medication for treating menstruation discomfort is yoga. This study aimed to ascertain whether yoga may lessen dysmenorrhea in teenagers enrolled in school. This approach uses the MEDLINE/PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar databases to review literature. The PRISMA approach utilized for this literature review was adhered to during the article selection process. The research's selection criteria comprised works published within the last five years, specifically from 2018 to 2023. Yoga was employed to lessen dysmenorrhea discomfort in the research population, consisting of young women with monthly pain. Between 2018 and 2023, 666 studies were discovered to have satisfied the publication selection requirements. Fifteen journals that fit the requirements for this study were identified through the PRISMA route search. According to the data, yoga has been shown to have a calming effect on teenage menstrual discomfort in 15 journals. Thus, yoga is a successful non-pharmacological management strategy for lowering dysmenorrhea in school-age teenagers. This is because yoga may be calming, encouraging the body to release endorphins, which function as organic painkillers. Yoga is a mild activity that helps the body avoid stiffness, pressure, pain, and tiredness while increasing flexibility safely. It enhances lung capacity when breathing, improves blood circulation, eases physical and emotional stress, and lessens pain. Additionally, practising yoga helps women with PMS feel more at ease by reducing dangerous inflammatory secretions.
Key Words: Yoga; Dysmenorrhea; Menstrual; Teenagers
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