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El presente trabajo pretende, por una parte, crear un instrumento para evaluar las habilidades digitales de alumnos de educación infantil (de 3 a 6 años de edad) partiendo de sus prácticas de aula; y por otra, valorar los niveles de autonomía adquiridos por los alumnos respecto de dichas habilidades. El estudio se realizó durante dos años escolares, recopilando datos de un total de 254 alumnos de 17 aulas con un recurso TIC en ocho escuelas. En primer lugar, los resultados ofrecen un instrumento diseñado y verificado en la práctica para la evaluación de las habilidades digitales. En segundo lugar, los resultados sobre autonomía destacan la importancia que tienen factores como la madurez, el contenido curricular y la naturaleza de la práctica en el aula para explicar la adquisición de habilidades digitales. Es importante subrayar la necesidad de realizar más estudios de evaluación de habilidades adoptando un enfoque centrado en las prácticas.
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