Intergenerational environmental leisure. Motivations for practice
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.7179/PSRI_2024.44.08Keywords:
Leisure, environment, old age, childhood, motivationAbstract
Intergenerational environmental leisure and, more specifically, that shared by grandparents and their grandchildren, brings numerous benefits. As a dimension of leisure directly linked to nature and outdoor activities, it contributes to achieving different objectives compatible with sustainable development. It is perceived as an enriching, attractive, and flexible experience that joins and strengthens the bonds between generations. Objective: to examine the environmental leisure shared by grandparents and grandchildren and the motivations linked to this practice. Quantitative (N=350) and qualitative (N=18) methodologies were combined using an ad hoc questionnaire and focus groups. Results show that intergenerational leisure activities in natural environments are increasingly practiced; trips, as well as the care of plants, vegetable gardens, and animals, are the preferred activities. The preferred motives for these shared experiences are transmitting knowledge and affection and the care grandparents give their grandchildren. Prospective research aims to investigate whether the value granted to environmental leisure has grown after the pandemic due to its potential to facilitate intergenerational contact in safe environments.
Downloads
References
Alonso, R. A., Sáenz de Jubera, M., & Sanz, E. (2020). Tiempos compartidos entre abuelos y nietos, tiempos de desarrollo personal. Revista Española de Pedagogía, 78, 277. https://doi.org/10.22550/REP78-3-2020-01
Álvarez Muñoz, J. S., Hernández, M. A., & Belmonte, M. L. (2023). Percepción de las familias sobre los obstáculos y dificultades del ocio familiar durante el confinamiento. Pedagogía Social. Revista Interuniversitaria, 42, 167-180. https://doi.org/10.7179/PSRI_2023.1
Asah, S. T., Bengston, D. N., & Westphal L. M. (2012). The influence of childhood: Operational pathways to adulthood participation in nature-based activities. Environment and Behavior, 44(4), 545-569
Becerril, R., & Bores, N. (2019). Claves para el diseño de propuestas educativas intergeneracionales a partir de una experiencia de actividad física. Ágora para la Educación Física y el Deporte, 21, 111-124. https://doi.org/10.24197/aefd.0.2019.111-124
Caputo, A. (2017). Social desirability bias in self-reported well-being measures: Evidence from an online survey. Universitas Psychologica, 16(2), 93–102. https://doi.org/10.11144/Javeriana.upsy16-2.sdsw
Castell, C. (2020). Naturaleza y salud: una alianza necesaria. Gaceta Sanitaria, 34(2), 194–196.
Clayton, S. (2018). The role of perceived justice, political ideology, and individual or collective framing in support for environmental policies. Soc. Justicia Res., 31, 219– 237. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11211-018-0303-z
Cohen, J. (1960). A coefficient of agreement for nominal scales. Educational and Psychological Measurement, 20, 37-46.
Cohen, J. (1968). Multiple regression as a general data-analytic system. Psychological Bulletin, 70(6), 426-443.
Cuenca, M. (2016). Las culturas del ocio. Universidad de Deusto.
Dadvand P., Nieuwenhuijsen, M. J., & Esnaola, M. (2015). Green spaces and cognitive development in primary school-children. Proceedings National Academy of Sciences of USA, 112(26), 7937–7942. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1503402112
Dalton, L., Rapa, E., & Stein, A. (2020). Protecting the psychological health of children through effective communication about COVID-19. The Lancet Child & Adolescent Health. https://doi.org/10.1016/S2352-4642(20)30097-3
D’amore, C. (2016). Family nature clubs: An intergenerational opportunity to foster love of the natural world. Families, Relationships and Societies, 5(3), 431-446. https://doi.org/10.1332/204674316X14758471234542
Di Gessa, G., Zaninotto, P., & Glaser, K. (2020). Looking after grandchildren: Gender differences in ‘when,’ ‘what,’ and ‘why’: Evidence from the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing. Demographic Research, 43, 1465-1482. https://doi.org/10.4054/demres.2020.43.53
Ding, Y. (2017). Personal life satisfaction of China’s rural elderly: Effect of the new rural pension programme. Journal of International Development, 29(1), 52-66.
Fleiss, J. (1971). Measuring nominal scale agreement among many raters. Psychological Bulletin, 76(5), 378-382.
Gammon, S., & Ramshaw, G. (2020). Distancing from the present: Nostalgia and leisure in lockdown. Leisure Sciences. An Interdisciplinary Journal Volume, 43. https://doi.org/10.1080/01490400.2020.1773993
García, J. C., Gutiérrez, J. G., Balderas, M. A., & Araújo, M. R. (2017). Beneficios socioculturales y ambientales de los huertos familiares en el altiplano mexicano. Bois et Forêts des Tropiques, 329. https://doi.org/10.19182/bft2016.329.a31310
Gobierno de España (2018). Plan de acción para la implementación de la Agenda 2030. Hacia una Estrategia Española de Desarrollo Sostenible.
González Ríos, M. J. (1997). Metodología de la investigación social. Técnicas de recolección de datos. Aguaclara.
Hake, B. J. (2017). Gardens as learning spaces: Intergenerational learning in urban food gardens. Journal of Intergenerational Relationships, 15(1), 26-38. https://doi.org/10.1080/15350770.2017.1260369
Ibáñez, J. (2000). Más allá de la sociología. El grupo de discusión: Técnica y crítica. Madrid: Siglo XXI.
Iso.Ahola, S. (1980). The social psychology of leisure and recreation. Dubuque: W.C. Brown.
Izenstark, D., & Ebata, A. T. (2017). The effects of the natural environment on attention and family cohesion: An experimental study. Children, Youth and Environments, 27(2), 93-109. https://doi.org/10.7721/chilyoutenvi.27.2.0093
Jamieson, L. (2016). Families, relationships and ‘environment’: (Un)sustainability, climate change and biodiversity loss. Families, Relationships and Societies, 5(3), 335-355. https://doi.org/10.1332/204674316X14758387773007
Jenssen, B. P., Kelly, M. K., Powell, M., Bouchelle, Z., Mayne, S. L., & Fiks, A. G. (2021). COVID-19 and changes in child obesity. Pediatrics 147(5). https://doi.org/10.1542/peds.2021-050123
Jorgensen, A., & Anthopoulou, A. (2007). Enjoyment and fear in urban woodlands –does age make a difference? Urban Forestry and Urban Greening, 6(4), 267-278.
Kala, L., & Galčanová, L. (2016). Intergenerational transmission of pro-environmental values and lifestyles: How is the ecological habitus reproduced? Third ISA Forum – The Futures We Want: Global Sociology and the Struggles for a Better World.
Kemperman, A. D., & Timmermans, H. J. (2006). Heterogeneity in urban park use of aging visitors: A latent class analysis. Leisure Sciences, 28(1), 57-71.
Konok, V., Bunford, N., & MIilósI, Á. (2020). Associations between child mobile use and digital parenting style in Hungarian families. Journal of Children and Media, 14(1), 91-109. https://doi.org/10.1080/17482798.2019.1684332
Kobayashi, M., Leite, R., Lugo, I., Wetstone, R., Vanegas, D., St George, S., & Czaja, S. (2019). Grandparents’ perspectives on a multigenerational digital health physical activity intervention. Innovation in Aging, 3(1), S672–S673. https://doi.org/10.1093/geroni/igz038.2487
Kotrla, M., Varga, V., & Jelovčić, S. (2021). Digital technology use during the COVID-19 pandemic and its relations to sleep quality and life satisfaction in children and parents. Društvena istraživanja: časopis za opća društvena pitanja, 30(2), 249-269. https://doi.org/10.5559/di.30.2.04
Laaksoharju, T., Rappe, E., & Kaivola, T. (2012). Garden affordances for social learning, play, and for building nature-child relationships. Urban Forestry & Urban Greening, 11, 195–203. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ufug.2012.01.003
Lee, J., & Burns, R. (2022). Older adults’ preferences for natural environment and rural life: Intergenerational transmission of pro-environmental motivation. Journal of Outdoor Recreation and Tourism, 39, 100556. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jort.2022.100556
López Quintás, A. (1998). Estética de la creatividad. Rialp.
Luzón, A., Caride, J. A., & Sevilla, D. (2023). Políticas educativas, ocio inclusivo y equidad social ante los nuevos futuros de la educación. Pedagogía Social. Revista Interuniversitaria, 43, 15-28. https://doi.org/10.7179/PSRI_2023.43.01
Martínez, S.; Moreno, P., & Escarbajal, A. (Editores) (2017). Envejecimiento activo, programas intergeneracionales y educación social. Dykinson.
McDarby, M., Ju, C. H., & Carpenter, B. D. (2020). Frequency of contact and explanations for increased contact between grandchildren and their grandparents during the COVID-19 pandemic. Journal of Intergenerational Relationships, 19(2), 163-178. https://doi.org/10.1080/15350770.2020.1852995
Moore, S. A., Faulkner, G. Rhodes, E. Brussoni, M. Chulak-Bozzer, T., Ferguson, L. J., Mitra, R., O’Reilly, N., Spence, J. C., & Vanderloo, L. M. (2020). Tremblay impact of the COVID-19 virus outbreak on the movement and play behaviours of Canadian children and youth: A national survey. Int. J. Behav. Nutrition Phys. Activity, 17, 85, https://doi.org/10.1186/s12966-020-00987-8
Ried, A. (2015). La experiencia de ocio al aire libre en contacto con la naturaleza, como vivencia restauradora de la relación ser humano-naturaleza. Polis, Revista Latinoamericana, 14(41), 499-516. https://doi.org/10.4067/S0718–65682015000200029
Rodríguez, V., Ramírez, Y., & Alarcón, Y. (2019). La dimensión ambiental en las actividades físico-recreativas con el adulto mayor de la comunidad Nuevo Veguitas. Revista Caribeña de Ciencias Sociales. https://www.eumed.net/rev/caribe/2019/07/dimension-ambiental-actividades.html
Suárez, F. A. (2005). El grupo de discusión. Una herramienta para la investigación cualitativa. Alertes.
Syropoulos, S., & Markowitz, E. (2020). Perceived responsibility towards future generations and environmental concern: Convergent evidence across multiple outcomes in a large, nationally representative sample. Medio Ambiente. Psicol., 76, 101-651. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvp.2021.101651
Spyrou, S. I., Theodorou, E., & Stylianidou, N. (2021). Fishy childhoods in space and time: Intergenerational continuities and changes, Children’s Geographies, 21(1), 68-80. https://doi.org/10.1080/14733285.2021.1983159
Taye, F. A., Abildtrup, J., Mayer, M., Ščasný, M., Strange, N., & Lundhede T. (2019). Childhood experience in forest recreation practices: Evidence from nine European countries. Urban Forestry and Urban Greening, 46, Article 126471.
Thompson, C. W., Aspinall, P., & Montarzino A. (2008). The childhood factor: Adult visits to green places and the significance of childhood experience. Environment and Behavior, 40(1), 111-143.
UNICEF 2014. Vulnerabilidad y exclusión en la infancia. Análisis de los factores de exclusión social: Propuesta de un sistema de información sobre la infancia en exclusión. https://acortar.link/R9cgns
Valdemoros, M. A., Alonso, R. A., Sáenz de Jubera, M., Ponce de León, A., & Sanz, E. (2021). Intergenerational leisure and family reconciliation. Psychology, Society, & Education, 13(3), 1-13. https://doi.org/10.25115/psye.v13i3.4809
Valdemoros, M. A., Sáenz de Jubera, M., Santamaría, M., & Medrano, C. (2020). Ocio intergeneracional. Validación de categorías para el análisis de contenido de los grupos de discusión. I. Lazcano & A. Diaz (coords.), Representaciones sociales y educativas del ocio (pp. 143-158). Universidad de Deusto.
Varela-Garrote, L., Fraguela-Vale, R., Varela-Crespo, L., & Carretero-García, M. (2023). Derecho al ocio de la infancia y ocio familiar en el confinamiento: aprendizajes y desafíos. Pedagogía Social. Revista Interuniversitaria, 43, 47-60. https://doi.org/10.7179/PSRI_2023.43.03
Wade-Benzoni, K., & Tost, P. (2009). The egoism and altruism of intergenerational behaviour. Personality and Social Psychology Review, 13(3). https://doi.org/10.1177/1088868309339317
Wagner, A. F. (2020). What the stock market tells us about the post-COVID-19 world. Nature Human Behaviour, 4(440). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41562-020-0869-y
Wang, G., Zhang, Y., Zhao, J., Zhang, J., & Jiang, F. (2020). Mitigate the effects of home confinement on children during the COVID-19 outbreak. The Lancet, 395, 945-947. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30547-X
Wen, C., Albert, C., & Von Haaren, C. (2018). The elderly in green spaces: Exploring requirements and preferences concerning nature-based recreation. Sustainable Cities and Society, 38, 582-593.
Wynveen, C., Kyle, G., Absher, J., & Theodori, G. (2011). The meanings associated with varying degrees of attachment to a natural landscape. Journal of Leisure Research, 43, 290–311.
Yoo, J., & Russell, D. W. (2020). Caring for grandchildren and grandparents’ physical and mental health changes. Journal of Child and Family Studies, 29(3), 845–854. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10826-019-01618-y
Yogman, M., Garner, A., Hutchinson, J., Hirsh-Pasek, K., Golinkoff, R. M., & Committee on Psychosocial Aspects of Child and Family Health (2018). The power of play: A pediatric role in enhancing development in young children. Pediatrics 142(3), e20182058pmid:30126932. https://doi.org/10.1542/peds.2018-2058
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
![Creative Commons License](http://i.creativecommons.org/l/by-nc-sa/4.0/88x31.png)
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Copyright and right to archive
The published version of the articles can be self-archived by their authors in open access institutional and thematic repositories. However, Pedagogía Social. Revista Interuniversitaria must authorize partial or global reutilisation on new papers or publications.
Published papers must be cited including the title of the journal Pedagogía Social. Revista Interuniversitaria, issue, pages and year of publication
Ethical responsibilities
Pedagogía Social. Revista Interuniversitaria does not accept any material that has been previously published in other documents or publications. Authors are responsible for obtaining the required permissions for partial or global reproduction any material from other publications, and to correctly quote its origin.
Pedagogía Social. Revista Interuniversitaria is obliged to detect and report fraudulent practices.
Only those who have intellectually contribute to the development of the paper must appear as authors.
The journal expects authors to declare any commercial partnership that might entail a conflict of interest with respect to the submitted article.
Authors must mention in the article, preferably in the “methodology” section, that the procedures used during the samplings and controls have been made after getting informed consent.
The journal will not use any received contribution in a way other than the goals described in these guidelines.
Copyright Notice
© Pedagogía Social. Revista Interuniversitaria. Papers published in both the printed and online versions of this Journal are property of Pedagogia Social. Revista Interuniversitaria, being required to cite the source in any partial or total reproduction.
Unless otherwise stated, all content of this electronic journal is distributed under "Creative Commons Attribution-Non commercial 3.0 Spain" (CC-by-nc) license for use and distribution. The informative version and the legal text of this license is available here. This has to be expressly stated in this way when necessary.