Benefícios e riscos da corrida de resistência em corredores veteranos. Uma análise crítica
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v47.95252Palavras-chave:
Corredores, veteranos, carrera, resistencia, atletasResumo
Nos últimos anos houve um grande aumento na prática de esportes de resistência como a corrida de longa distância, praticada principalmente por adultos entre 35 e 55 anos. A maioria dessa população não praticou esportes anteriormente e enfrenta esse esporte sem a devida prescrição, expondo-se a diversos riscos à sua saúde. O objetivo deste estudo é analisar o perfil sociodemográfico do corredor veterano, bem como os benefícios e riscos dessa prática esportiva. Quase 50% dos corredores sofrem lesões a cada ano, em muitos casos associadas ao volume de treinamento. Outros riscos de natureza cardiovascular, como fibrilação atrial, podem estar relacionados a anos de treinamento e competição de alta intensidade. Além disso, a corrida de resistência pode expor os corredores a riscos psicossociais, como o vício negativo em esportes. Embora os benefícios deste esporte sempre superem os riscos. Tanto a determinação do estado de saúde prévio como a prescrição adequada do treino são dois elementos essenciais na gestão dos riscos a que estão expostos os corredores veteranos.
Palavras-chave: Corredores, veteranos, riscos, resistência.
Referências
Adabag, A. S., Grandits, G. A., Prineas, R. J., Crow, R. S., Bloomfield, H. E., Neaton, J. D., & Group, M. R. (2008). Relation of heart rate parameters during exercise test to sudden death and all-cause mortality in asymptomatic men. The American Journal of Cardiology, 101(10), 1437–1443.
Aguiar, S. S., Sousa, C. V, Santos, P. A., Barbosa, L. P., Maciel, L. A., Coelho-Júnior, H. J., … Simões, H. G. (2021). Master athletes have longer telomeres than age-matched non-athletes. A systematic review, meta-analysis and discussion of possible mechanisms. Experimental Gerontology, 146, 111212.
Alentorn-Geli, E., Samuelsson, K., Musahl, V., Green, C. L., Bhandari, M., & Karlsson, J. (2017). The association of recreational and competitive running with hip and knee osteoarthritis: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Journal of Orthopaedic & Sports Physical Therapy, 47(6), 373–390.
Ángel, P., Román, L., Muñoz Jiménez, M., Manuel, V., Hermoso, S., Salas Sánchez, J., … García-Pinillos, F. (2015). Acute effect of a long-distance road competition on foot strike patterns, inversion and kinematics parameters in endurance runners. Taylor & Francis, 15(2), 588–597. https://doi.org/10.1080/24748668.2015.11868816
Asplund, C. A. (2014). Have a heart: Can too much exercise be bad? ACSM’s Health and Fitness Journal, 18(4), 47–49. https://doi.org/10.1249/FIT.0000000000000047
Baba, R., Iwagaki, S., Tauchi, N., & Tsurusawa, M. (2005). Is the chronotropic index applicable to children and adolescents?. Circulation Journal, 69(4), 471-474.
Bamber, D., Cockerill, I. M., Rodgers, S., & Carroll, D. (2000). “It's exercise or nothing”: a qualitative analysis of exercise dependence. British Journal of Sports Medicine, 34(6), 423-430.
Biswas, S. (2020). A Study on Resting Heart Rate and Heart Rate Variability of Athletes, Nonathletes and Cricketers. American Journal of Sports Science, 8(4), 95–98.
Borges, N. R., Reaburn, P. R., Doering, T. M., Argus, C. K., & Driller, M. W. (2017). Autonomic cardiovascular modulation in masters and young cyclists following high-intensity interval training. Clinical Autonomic Research, 27(2), 83–90.
Borresen, J., & Lambert, M. I. (2008). Autonomic control of heart rate during and after exercise: Measurements and implications for monitoring training status. Sports Medicine, 38(8), 633–646. https://doi.org/10.2165/00007256-200838080-00002
Brubaker, P. H., & Kitzman, D. W. (2011). Chronotropic incompetence: causes, consequences, and management. Circulation, 123(9), 1010–1020.
Campbell, J. P., & Turner, J. E. (2018). Debunking the myth of exercise-induced immune suppression: redefining the impact of exercise on immunological health across the lifespan. Frontiers in Immunology, 648.
Carmack, M. A., & Martens, R. (1979). Measuring commitment to running: A survey of runners’ attitudes and mental states. Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology, 1(1), 25–42.
Carter, J. B., Banister, E. W., & Blaber, A. P. (2003). Effect of endurance exercise on autonomic control of heart rate. Sports Medicine, 33(1), 33–46. https://doi.org/10.2165/00007256-200333010-00003
Castillo Garzón, M. J., Ortega Porcel, F. B., & Ruiz Ruiz, J. (2005). Mejora de la forma física como terapia antienvejecimiento. Medicina Clinica, Vol. 124, pp. 146–155. https://doi.org/10.1157/13071011
Cataldo, A, Cerasola, D., Zangla, D., Proia, P., Russo, G., Presti, R. Lo, & Traina, M. (2015). Heart rate recovery after exercise and maximal oxygen uptake in sedentary patients with type 2 diabetes. Journal of Biological Research, 88(1), 7.
Cataldo, Angelo, Cerasola, D., Zangla, D., Russo, G., Sahin, F. N., & Traina, M. (2014). Assessment of autonomic function as marker of training status: the role of heart rate recovery after exercise. EJSS Journal, 2(1), 89–97.
Churchill, T. W., Groezinger, E., Kim, J. H., Loomer, G., Guseh, J. S., Wasfy, M. M., ... & Baggish, A. L. (2020). Association of ascending aortic dilatation and long-term endurance exercise among older masters-level athletes. JAMA cardiology, 5(5), 522-531.
Churchill, T. W., & Baggish, A. L. (2020). Cardiovascular care of masters athletes. Journal of cardiovascular translational research, 13(3), 313-321.
Clouston, S. A. P., Brewster, P., Kuh, D., Richards, M., Cooper, R., Hardy, R., … Hofer, S. M. (2013). The dynamic relationship between physical function and cognition in longitudinal aging cohorts. Epidemiologic Reviews, 35(1), 33–50.
Cole, C. R., Blackstone, E. H., Pashkow, F. J., Snader, C. E., & Lauer, M. S. (1999). Heart-Rate Recovery Immediately after Exercise as a Predictor of Mortality. New England Journal of Medicine, 341(18), 1351–1357. https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJM199910283411804
Conesa, M. P. V. (2010). Incidencia de las lesiones deportivas en el corredor popular. Cultura, Ciencia y Deporte, 5(15), 32.
Cruz, J. R. A. (2008). Lesiones deportivas en competición en atletas veteranos. Apunts. Medicina de l’Esport, 43(159), 113–117. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1886-6581(08)70086-0
Da Silva, V. P., de Oliveira, N. A., Silveira, H., Mello, R. G. T., & Deslandes, A. C. (2015). Heart rate variability indexes as a marker of chronic adaptation in athletes: a systematic review. Annals of Noninvasive Electrocardiology, 20(2), 108–118.
Daoud, A. I., Geissler, G. J., Wang, F., Saretsky, J., Daoud, Y. A., & Lieberman, D. E. (2012). Foot strike and injury rates in endurance runners: a retrospective study. Med Sci Sports Exerc, 44(7), 1325–1334.
Organización Mundial de la Salud. (2010). Recomendaciones mundiales sobre actividad física para la salud.
Deus, L. A., Sousa, C. V., Rosa, T. S., Souto Filho, J. M., Santos, P. A., Barbosa, L. D., … Simoes, H. G. (2019). Heart rate variability in middle-aged sprint and endurance athletes. Physiology & Behavior, 205, 39–43.
Dimkpa, U. (2009). Post-exercise heart rate recovery: an index of cardiovascular fitness. Journal of Exercise Physiology Online, 12(1).
Dong, J. (2016). The role of heart rate variability in sports physiology. Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine, 11(5), 1531–1536.
Doyen, B., Matelot, D., & Carré, F. (2019). Asymptomatic bradycardia amongst endurance athletes. The Physician and Sportsmedicine, 47(3), 249–252.
Eijsvogels, T. M. H., Fernandez, A. B., & Thompson, P. D. (2016). Are there deleterious cardiac effects of acute and chronic endurance exercise? Physiological Reviews, 96(1), 1–2. https://doi.org/10.1152/PHYSREV.00029.2014
Estrada, P. R., Vázquez, E. I. A., Gáleas, Á. M. V., Ortega, I. M. J., Serrano, M. D. L. P., & Acosta, J. J. M. (2016). Beneficios psicológicos de la actividad física en el trabajo de un centro educativo. Retos: Nuevas Tendencias En Educación Física, Deporte y Recreación, (30), 203–206.
Fields, K. B. (2011). Running injuries-changing trends and demographics. Current Sports Medicine Reports, 10(5), 299–303.
Freeman, J. V., Dewey, F. E., Hadley, D. M., Myers, J., & Froelicher, V. F. (2006). Autonomic nervous system interaction with the cardiovascular system during exercise. Progress in cardiovascular diseases, 48(5), 342-362.
Ganse, B., Ganse, U., Dahl, J., & Degens, H. (2018). Linear decrease in athletic performance during the human life span. Frontiers in Physiology, 1100.
Glasser, W. (1976). Positive addiction. Harper & Row.
Harridge, S. D. R., & Lazarus, N. R. (2017). Physical activity, aging, and physiological function. Physiology, 32(2), 152–161.
Hauck, C., Schipfer, M., Ellrott, T., & Cook, B. (2020). The relationship between food addiction and patterns of disordered eating with exercise dependence: in amateur endurance athletes. Eating and Weight Disorders-Studies on Anorexia, Bulimia and Obesity, 25(6), 1573–1582.
Hausenblas, H. A., & Downs, D. S. (2002). Relationship among sex, imagery and exercise dependence symptoms. Psychology of Addictive Behaviors, 16(2), 169.
Hawkins, S. A., Wiswell, R. A., & Marcell, T. J. (2003). Exercise and the master athlete—a model of successful aging? The Journals of Gerontology Series A: Biological Sciences and Medical Sciences, 58(11), M1009–M1011.
Hernández-Vicente, A., Hernando, D., Santos-Lozano, A., Rodríguez-Romo, G., Vicente-Rodríguez, G., Pueyo, E., … Garatachea, N. (2020). Heart Rate Variability and Exceptional Longevity. Frontiers in Physiology, 11. https://doi.org/10.3389/FPHYS.2020.566399/FULL
Jat, K., Lodha, R., Pediatrics, S. K.-T. I. J. of, & 2011, undefined. (2011). Arrhythmias in children. Springer, 78(2), 211–218. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12098-010-0276-x
Jernigan, T. L., Archibald, S. L., Fennema-Notestine, C., Gamst, A. C., Stout, J. C., Bonner, J., & Hesselink, J. R. (2001). Effects of age on tissues and regions of the cerebrum and cerebellum. Neurobiology of Aging, 22(4), 581–594.
Jouven, X., Empana, J.-P., Schwartz, P. J., Desnos, M., Courbon, D., & Ducimetière, P. (2005). Heart-rate profile during exercise as a predictor of sudden death. New England Journal of Medicine, 352(19), 1951–1958.
Kline, P. W., & Williams III, D. B. (2015). Effects of normal aging on lower extremity loading and coordination during running in males and females. International journal of sports physical therapy, 10(6), 901.
Knobloch, K., Yoon, U., & Vogt, P. M. (2008). Acute and overuse injuries correlated to hours of training in master running athletes. Foot & Ankle International, 29(7), 671–676.
La Gerche, A., Burns, A. T., Mooney, D. J., Inder, W. J., Taylor, A. J., Bogaert, J., … Prior, D. L. (2012). Exercise-induced right ventricular dysfunction and structural remodelling in endurance athletes. European Heart Journal, 33(8), 998–1006. https://doi.org/10.1093/EURHEARTJ/EHR397
Landolfi, E. (2013). Exercise addiction. Sports Medicine, 43(2), 111–119. https://doi.org/10.1007/S40279-012-0013-X
Larson, P., Higgins, E., Kaminski, J., Decker, T., Preble, J., Lyons, D., … Normile, A. (2011). Foot strike patterns of recreational and sub-elite runners in a long-distance road race. Journal of Sports Sciences, 29(15), 1665–1673. https://doi.org/10.1080/02640414.2011.610347
Lavie, C. J., Lee, D., Sui, X., Arena, R., O’Keefe, J. H., Church, T. S., … Blair, S. N. (2015). Effects of running on chronic diseases and cardiovascular and all-cause mortality. Mayo Clinic Proceedings, 90(11), 1541–1552. Elsevier.
Lee, D., Brellenthin, A. G., Thompson, P. D., Sui, X., Lee, I.-M., & Lavie, C. J. (2017). Running as a key lifestyle medicine for longevity. Progress in Cardiovascular Diseases, 60(1), 45–55.
Lee, D., Pate, R. R., Lavie, C. J., Sui, X., Church, T. S., & Blair, S. N. (2014). Leisure-time running reduces all-cause and cardiovascular mortality risk. Journal of the American College of Cardiology, 64(5), 472–481.
Leowattana, T., Leowattana, P., & Leowattana, W. (2020). Endurance Exercise Induced Atrial Fibrillation (AF): Pathophysiology, Treatment and Prevention. Biomedical Journal of Scientific & Technical Research, 28(3), 21533-21542.
Lepers, R., & Stapley, P. J. (2016). Master athletes are extending the limits of human endurance. Frontiers in Physiology, 7, 613.
Lichtenstein, M. B., Nielsen, R. O., Gudex, C., Hinze, C. J., & Jørgensen, U. (2018). Exercise addiction is associated with emotional distress in injured and non-injured regular exercisers. Addictive Behaviors Reports, 8, 33–39.
Lieberman, D. E., Venkadesan, M., Werbel, W. A., Daoud, A. I., D’andrea, S., Davis, I. S., … Pitsiladis, Y. (2010). Foot strike patterns and collision forces in habitually barefoot versus shod runners. Nature, 463(7280), 531–535.
Llopis Goig, D., & Llopis Goig, R. (2006). Razones para participar en carreras de resistencia. Un estudio con corredores aficionados. Cultura_Ciencia_Deporte [CCD], 2(4).
Lopes, A. D., Hespanhol, L. C., Yeung, S. S., & Costa, L. O. P. (2012). What are the main running-related musculoskeletal injuries? Sports Medicine, 42(10), 891–905.
Louis, J., Nosaka, K., & Brisswalter, J. (2012). L’athlète master d’endurance, un modèle de vieillissement réussi. Science & Sports, 27(2), 63–76.
Lukács, A., Sasvári, P., Varga, B., & Mayer, K. (2019). Exercise addiction and its related factors in amateur runners. Journal of Behavioral Addictions, 8(2), 343–349. https://doi.org/10.1556/2006.8.2019.28
Martin, L. E., Sisante, J.-F. V, Wilson, D. R., Moody, A. A., Savage, C. R., & Billinger, S. A. (2017). Pilot study of endurance runners and brain responses associated with delay discounting. International Journal of Exercise Science, 10(5), 690.
Matsumura, M. E., & Abbatemarco, J. R. (2019). An Assessment of Training Characteristics Associated with Atrial Fibrillation in Masters Runners. Sports, 7(7), 179.
McKean, K. A., Manson, N. A., & Stanish, W. D. (2006). Musculoskeletal injury in the masters runners. Clinical Journal of Sport Medicine, 16(2), 149–154.
Meeusen, R., Watson, P., Hasegawa, H., Roelands, B., & Piacentini, M. F. (2006). Central fatigue. Sports Medicine, 36(10), 881-909.
Merghani, A., Malhotra, A., & Sharma, S. (2016). The U-shaped relationship between exercise and cardiac morbidity. Trends in cardiovascular medicine, 26(3), 232-240.
Minuzzi, L. G., Chupel, M. U., Rama, L., Rosado, F., Muñoz, V. R., Gaspar, R. C., … Teixeira, A. M. (2019). Lifelong exercise practice and immunosenescence: Master athletes cytokine response to acute exercise. Cytokine, 115, 1–7.
Morgan, J., Kwon, Y. U., & Williams, D. S. B. (2019). Influence of aging on lower extremity sagittal plane variability during 5 essential subphases of stance in male recreational runners. Journal of Orthopaedic and Sports Physical Therapy, 49(3), 171–179. https://doi.org/10.2519/JOSPT.2019.8419/ASSET/IMAGES/LARGE/JOSPT-171-FIG004.JPEG
Morgan, W.P. (1980). Test of champions: The iceberg profile. Psychology Today, 14, 39–108.
Morgan, William P. (1979). Negative Addiction in Runners. The Physician and Sportsmedicine, 7(2), 55–77. https://doi.org/10.1080/00913847.1979.11948436
Morrison, B. N., McKinney, J., Isserow, S., Lithwick, D., Taunton, J., Nazzari, H., … Warburton, D. E. R. (2018). Assessment of cardiovascular risk and preparticipation screening protocols in masters athletes: the Masters Athlete Screening Study (MASS): a cross-sectional study. BMJ Open Sport & Exercise Medicine, 4(1), e000370. https://doi.org/10.1136/BMJSEM-2018-000370
O'Keefe, J. H., Patil, H. R., Lavie, C. J., Magalski, A., Vogel, R. A., & McCullough, P. A. (2012). Potential adverse cardiovascular effects from excessive endurance exercise. Mayo Clinic Proceedings, 87(6), 587-595.
Osorio Ciro, J. A., Clavijo Rodríguez, M. P., Arango, E., Patiño Giraldo, S., & Gallego Ching, I. C. (2007). Lesiones deportivas. Iatreia, 20(2), 167-177.
Penedo, F. J., & Dahn, J. R. (2005). Exercise and well-being: a review of mental and physical health benefits associated with physical activity. Current Opinion in Psychiatry, 18(2), 189–193.
Peres, P., Carvalho, A. C., Perez, A. B. A., & Medeiros, W. M. (2016). Abnormal heart rate recovery and deficient chronotropic response after submaximal exercise in young Marfan syndrome patients. Cambridge.Org, 26, 1274–1281. https://doi.org/10.1017/S1047951115002322
Pope Jr, H. G., Katz, D. L., & Hudson, J. I. (1993). Anorexia nervosa and “reverse anorexia” among 108 male bodybuilders. Comprehensive Psychiatry, 34(6), 406–409.
Martínez, L. C. (2008). Revisión de las estrategias para la prevención de lesiones en el deporte desde la actividad física. Apunts. Medicina de l'esport, 43(157), 30-40.
Rittweger, J., Kwiet, A., & Felsenberg, D. (2004). Physical performance in aging elite athletes-Challenging the limits of Physiology. Journal of Musculoskeletal and Neuronal Interactions, 4(2), 159.
Robbins, S., & Waked, E. (1997). Balance and vertical impact in sports: role of shoe sole materials. Archives of physical medicine and rehabilitation, 78(5), 463-467.
Latorre, P. Á. , Muñoz, M. , Salas, J., Consuegra, P. , Moreno, R.., Herrador, J., ... & Párraga, J.P. (2020). Complex gait is related to cognitive functioning in older people: A cross-sectional study providing an innovative test. Gerontology, 66(4), 401-408.
Latorre, P. Á., Jiménez, A., Párraga, J.A., & García, F. (2016). Dependencia al ejercicio físico e insatisfacción corporal en diferentes deportes de resistencia y su relación con la motivación al deporte. Revista de Psicología Del Deporte, 25(1), 113–120.
Rosa, T. S., Neves, R. V. P., Deus, L. A., Sousa, C. V., da Silva Aguiar, S., de Souza, M. K., … Korhonen, M. T. (2020). Sprint and endurance training in relation to redox balance, inflammatory status and biomarkers of aging in master athletes. Nitric Oxide, 102, 42–51.
Rowley, A. J., Landers, D. M., Kyllo, L. B., & Etnier, J. L. (1995). Does the Iceberg Profile Discriminate Between Successful and Less Successful Athletes? A Meta-Analysis. JOURNAL OF SPORT & EXERCISE PSYCHOLOGY, 17, 185–199. https://doi.org/10.1123/jsep.17.2.185
Salas, J., Latorre. P.A., Soto, V.M., & García Pinillos, F. (2013). Características sociodemográficas del corredor popular veterano español.
Sarcevic, Z., & Tepavcevic, A. (2018). Competitive Endurance Activities of Middle-aged Athletes as a Risk Factor for Atrial Fibrillation. Current Sports Medicine Reports, 17(11), 391–395. https://doi.org/10.1249/JSR.0000000000000535
Shapero, K., Deluca, J., Contursi, M., Wasfy, M., Weiner, R. B., Lewis, G. D., … Baggish, A. L. (2016). Cardiovascular Risk and Disease Among Masters Endurance Athletes: Insights from the Boston MASTER (Masters Athletes Survey To Evaluate Risk) Initiative. Sports Medicine - Open, 2(1). https://doi.org/10.1186/S40798-016-0053-0
Smith, D., Wright, C., & Winrow, D. (2010). Exercise dependence and social physique anxiety in competitive and non-competitive runners. International Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology, 8(1), 61–69. https://doi.org/10.1080/1612197X.2010.9671934
Sofifi, F., Valecch, D., & Bacc, D. (2011). Physical activity and risk of cognitive decline. A Meta-Analysis of Prospective Studies. J. Intern. Med., 269, 107–117.
Thayer, J. F., Yamamoto, S. S., & Brosschot, J. F. (2010). The relationship of autonomic imbalance, heart rate variability and cardiovascular disease risk factors. International Journal of Cardiology, 141(2), 122–131.
Van de Vegte, Y. J., Tegegne, B. S., Verweij, N., Snieder, H., & van der Harst, P. (2019). Genetics and the heart rate response to exercise. Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences, 76(12), 2391–2409.
Van Gent, R. N., Siem, D., Van Middelkoop, M., Van Os, A. G., & Bierma-Zeinstra, M. A. (2007). Incidence and determinants of lower extremity running injuries in long distance runners: a systematic review. Bjsm.Bmj.Com, 41, 469–480. https://doi.org/10.1136/bjsm.2006.033548
Voss, A., Schroeder, R., Heitmann, A., Peters, A., & Perz, S. (2015). Short-term heart rate variability - Influence of gender and age in healthy subjects. PLoS ONE, 10(3). https://doi.org/10.1371/JOURNAL.PONE.0118308
Walker, A. (n.d.). Maltby T.(2012). Active Ageing: A Strategic Policy Solution to Demographic Ageing in the European Union, S117–S130.
Warburton, D. E., Nicol, C. W., & Bredin, S. S. (2006). Health benefits of exercise: the evidence. Can Med Assoc J, 74, 801–809.
Wilhelm, M. (n.d.). E U R O P E A N SO CIETY O F CARDIOLOGY ® Review Atrial fibrillation in endurance athletes. https://doi.org/10.1177/2047487313476414
Williams, P. T. (1997). Relationship of distance run per week to coronary heart disease risk factors in 8283 male runners: the National Runners’ Health Study. Archives of Internal Medicine, 157(2), 191–198.
Willy, R. W., & Paquette, M. R. (2019). The physiology and biomechanics of the master runner. Sports Medicine and Arthroscopy Review, 27(1), 15–21.
Wilson, M., O’Hanlon, R., Prasad, S., Deighan, A., MacMillan, P., Oxborough, D., … Whyte, G. (2011). Diverse patterns of myocardial fibrosis in lifelong, veteran endurance athletes. Journal of Applied Physiology, 110(6), 1622–1626. https://doi.org/10.1152/JAPPLPHYSIOL.01280.2010
Wise, R. A. (2004). Dopamine, learning and memory. Nature Rev. Neurosci, 5, 483–494.
Yataco, A. R., Fleisher, L. A., & Katzel, L. I. (1997). Heart rate variability and cardiovascular fitness in senior athletes. American Journal of Cardiology, 80(10), 1389–1391.
Zavorsky, G. S. (2000). Evidence and possible mechanisms of altered maximum heart rate with endurance training and tapering. Sports Medicine, 29(1), 13–26. https://doi.org/10.2165/00007256-200029010-00002
Downloads
Publicado
Como Citar
Edição
Secção
Licença
Direitos de Autor (c) 2022 Retos
Este trabalho encontra-se publicado com a Licença Internacional Creative Commons Atribuição-NãoComercial-SemDerivações 4.0.
Autores que publicam nesta revista concordam com os seguintes termos:
- Autores mantém os direitos autorais e assegurar a revista o direito de ser a primeira publicação da obra como licenciado sob a Licença Creative Commons Attribution que permite que outros para compartilhar o trabalho com o crédito de autoria do trabalho e publicação inicial nesta revista.
- Os autores podem estabelecer acordos adicionais separados para a distribuição não-exclusiva da versão do trabalho publicado na revista (por exemplo, a um repositório institucional, ou publicá-lo em um livro), com reconhecimento de autoria e publicação inicial nesta revista.
- É permitido e os autores são incentivados a divulgar o seu trabalho por via electrónica (por exemplo, em repositórios institucionais ou no seu próprio site), antes e durante o processo de envio, pois pode gerar alterações produtivas, bem como a uma intimação mais Cedo e mais do trabalho publicado (Veja O Efeito do Acesso Livre) (em Inglês).
Esta revista é a "política de acesso aberto" de Boai (1), apoiando os direitos dos usuários de "ler, baixar, copiar, distribuir, imprimir, pesquisar, ou link para os textos completos dos artigos". (1) http://legacy.earlham.edu/~peters/fos/boaifaq.htm#openaccess