The effect of ideal body mass index and physical fitness level on dysmenorrhea reduction

Authors

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v61.109380

Keywords:

body mass index, physical fitness, dysmenorrhea, menstrual pain, women’s health

Abstract

Many women experience dysmenorrhea, which affects their daily activities due to physical and psychological symptoms. This study aims to analyze the impact of an ideal body mass index (BMI) and physical fitness level on reducing dysmenorrhea. An experimental research approach with a control group pretest-posttest design was employed. The study involved 92 female students, with a final sample of 80 divided into high and low-fitness groups. Participants were selected through purposive sampling, ensuring they had an ideal BMI, regular menstrual cycles, and experienced dysmenorrhea. Data collection included questionnaires on demographics, BMI, menstrual characteristics, pain intensity, pain quality, and a 2.400 m Cooper physical fitness test. The results revealed that participants with an ideal BMI and high physical fitness showed a significant reduction in dysmenorrhea, with an average decrease of 35,95 and a standard deviation of 4,681. Those with an ideal BMI but low physical fitness also experienced a reduction, with an average decrease of 31,4 and a standard deviation of 1,827. The study concludes that ideal BMI and physical fitness significantly influence the reduction of dysmenorrhea, with a more pronounced effect in those with higher physical fitness levels. Factors such as BMI, diet, and exercise routine are critical in managing dysmenorrhea.

Keywords: body mass index, physical fitness, dysmenorrhea, menstrual pain, women’s health

Author Biographies

Mochamad Fajar Permana , Yogyakarta State University, Mandiri University

Student of Physical Education Doctoral Program, Yogyakarta State University, Indonesia.

Permanent lecturer at Department of Physical Education, Health and Recreation, Mandiri University, Indonesia.

Ahmad Nasrulloh , Yogyakarta State University

Permanent lecturer at Department of Sport Science, Yogyakarta State University, Indonesia

Eddy Purnomo , Yogyakarta State University

Permanent lecturer at Department of Physical Education, Yogyakarta State University, Indonesia

Asep Akbaruddin , Mandiri University

Permanent lecturer at Department of Physical Education, Health and Recreation, Mandiri University, Indonesia

Wahyu Saputra , Mandiri University

Permanent lecturer at Department of Physical Education, Health and Recreation, Mandiri University, Indonesia

References

Blasi, N. G., Rodríguez, J. A. L., Bebiá, M. M., Sáenz, M., Cantero, L., Moro, A. L., Casquet, M. J. J., Pipó, J. C., & Arcas, M. M. (2022). Menstrual Cycle and Sport: Effects on the performance and metabolism of the athlete woman. Retos: Nuevas Tendencias En Educación Física, Deporte y Recreación, 46, 565–572.

Boutcher, S. H. (2011). High-intensity intermittent exercise and fat loss. Journal of Obesity, 2011. https://doi.org/10.1155/2011/868305

Cahyaningtias, P. L., & Wahyuliati, T. (2007). Pengaruh Olahraga Terhadap Derajat Nyeri Dismenorea pada Wanita Belum Menikah. Mutiara Medika: Jurnal Kedokteran Dan Kesehatan, 7(2 (s)), 120–126.

Dehghanzadeh, N., Khoshnam, E., & Nikseresht, A. (2014). The effect of 8 weeks of aerobic training on primary dysmenorrhea. Pelagia Research Library European Journal of Experimental Biology, 4(1), 380–382.

Dya, N. M., & Adiningsih, S. (2019). Hubungan Antara Status Gizi Dengan Siklus Menstruasi Pada Siswi MAN 1 Lamongan. Amerta Nutrition, 3(4), 310. https://doi.org/10.20473/amnt.v3i4.2019.310-314

Fajaryati, N. (2012). Hubungan Kebiasaan Olahraga Dengan Dismenore Primer Remaja Putri Di Smp N 2 Mirit Kebumen. Jurnal Komunikasi Kesehatan, 3, 2–3.

Famimah, F., Margawati, A., & Fitranti, D. Y. (2017). Hubungan Konsumsi Asam Lemak Omega-3, Aktivitas Fisik Dan Persen Lemak Tubuh Dengan Tingkat Dismenore Pada Remaja. Journal of Nutrition College, 6(4), 268. https://doi.org/10.14710/jnc.v6i4.18249

Femi-Agboola, D., Sekoni, O., & Goodman, O. (2017). Dysmenorrhea and its effects on school absenteeism and school activities among adolescents in selected secondary schools in Ibadan, Nigeria. Nigerian Medical Journal, 58(4), 143. https://doi.org/10.4103/nmj.nmj_47_17

Hamer, M. C., & Denniston, H. D. (1933). Dysmenorrhea and its relation to abdominal strength as tested by the Wisconsin method. Research Quarterly of the American Physical Education Association, 4(1), 229–237. https://doi.org/10.1080/23267402.1933.10761572

Huang, W. C., Chiu, P. C., & Ho, C. H. (2022). The Sprint-Interval Exercise Using a Spinning Bike Improves Physical Fitness and Ameliorates Primary Dysmenorrhea Symptoms Through Hormone and Inflammation Modulations: A Randomized Controlled Trial. Journal of Sports Science and Medicine, 21(4), 595–607. https://doi.org/10.52082/jssm.2022.595

Israel, R. G., Suiton, M., & O’Brien, K. F. (1985). Effects of aerobic training on primary dysmenorrhea symptomatology in College females. Journal of the American College Health Association, 33(6), 241–244. https://doi.org/10.1080/07448481.1985.9935033

Itani, R., Soubra, L., Karout, S., Rahme, D., Karout, L., & Khojah, H. M. J. (2022). Primary Dysmenorrhea: Pathophysiology, Diagnosis, and Treatment Updates. Korean Journal of Family Medicine, 43(2), 101–108. https://doi.org/10.4082/kjfm.21.0103

Komaini, A., Ayubi, N., Lesmana, H. S., Kusnanik, N. W., Herawati, L., Al Ardha, M. A., Nurhasanah, N., Kafrawi, F. R., Putri, D. R. S., & Putra, A. Y. (2023). N-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) and physical exercise have the potential to reduce pain intensity in women with primary dysmenorrhea: Systematic Review. Retos: Nuevas Tendencias En Educación Física, Deporte y Recreación, 48, 106–112.

Koohestani, Z., Jahromi, M. K., & Nemati, J. (2020). Effect of core stability exercises on primary dysmenorrhea and muscular fitness indices in teenage girls. Journal of Paramedical Sciences & Rehabilitation, 9(1), 100–110. https://doi.org/10.22038/jpsr.2020.37090.1890

Larasati, T. A., & Alatas, F. (2016). Dismenore Primer dan Faktor Risiko Dismenore Primer pada Remaja. Majority, 5(3), 79–84.

Lestari, T. R., Wati, N. M. N., Juanamasta, I. G., Thrisnadewi, N. L. P., & Sintya, N. K. A. (2019). Pengaruh Terapi Yoga (Paschimottanasana dan Adho Mukha Padmasana) terhadap Intensitas Nyeri pada Remaja Putri yang Mengalami Dismenore Primer. Journal of Health Science and Prevention, 3(2), 94–100. https://doi.org/10.29080/jhsp.v3i2.221

Lundeberg, T., Bondesson, L., & Lundströom, V. (1985). Relief of Primary Dysmenorrhea By Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation. Acta Obstetricia et Gynecologica Scandinavica, 64(6), 491–497. https://doi.org/10.3109/00016348509156727

Manouchehri, E., Alirezaei, S., & Roudsari, R. L. (2020). Compliance of published randomized controlled trials on the effect of physical activity on primary dysmenorrhea with the consortium’s integrated report on clinical trials statement: A critical appraisal of the literature. Iranian Journal of Nursing and Midwifery Research, 25(6), 445–454. https://doi.org/10.4103/ijnmr.IJNMR_223_19

Moradpour, R. (2019). The effects of regular aerobic exercise on primary dysmenorrhea in young girls. Journal of Physical Activity and Hormones, 3(1), 67–082.

Murtiningsih, M., Maelani, M., & Fitriani, H. (2018). Tehnik Mengurangi Dismenore Primer Dengan Olah Raga. Jurnal Ilmu Keperawatan Maternitas, 1(2), 24. https://doi.org/10.32584/jikm.v1i2.144

Nafiroh Defi, N. D. I. (2013). Aplikasi Relaksasi Nafas Dalam sebagai Upaya Penurunan Skala Nyeri Menstruasi (Dismenorrhea) pada Siswi Mts. Ibtidaul Falah Samirejo Dawe Kudus Tahun 2013. Jurnal Ilmiah Kesehatan Keperawatan, 4(Desember 2013), 157–166.

Naja, Z. S. (2019). Pengaruh Pemberian Vitamin E Dan Guideline Pedoman Gizi Seimbang Terhadap Penurunan Nyeri Dismenore Pada Remaja Di Kota Semarang Tahn 2019. International Journal of Reproduction, Contraception, Obstetrics and Gynecology, 22(5), 952–953.

Ning, C. H., Vasanthi, R. K., & Muniandy, Y. (2020). A study on the prevalence of dysmenorrhea and its relationship with physical activity among young adults. International Journal of Health Sciences and Research, 10(10), 39–45.

Ningsih, R., Setyowati, S., & Rahmah, H. (2013). Efektivitas Paket Pereda Nyeri Pada Remaja Dengan Dismenore. Jurnal Keperawatan Indonesia, 16(2), 67–76. https://doi.org/10.7454/jki.v16i2.4

Pertiwi, M. R., Wahid, A., & Marlinda, E. (2015). Senam Aerobik Low Impact Terhadap Dismenore Primer Pada Remaja Putri Di Smkn 1 Martapura. Dunia Keperawatan, 3(2), 46–52.

Sadeghi, N., Paknezhad, F., Rashidi Nooshabadi, M., Kavianpour, M., Jafari Rad, S., & Khadem Haghighian, H. (2018). Vitamin E and fish oil, separately or in combination, on treatment of primary dysmenorrhea: a double-blind, randomized clinical trial. Gynecological Endocrinology, 34(9), 804–808. https://doi.org/10.1080/09513590.2018.1450377

Senjaya, A. A. (2013). Menyikat gigi tindakan utama untuk kesehatan gigi. Jurnal Skala Husada, 10(2), 194-199.

Solihatunisa, I. (2012). Pengaruh Senam Terhadap Penurunan Intensitas Nyeri Saat Dismenore Pada Mahasiswi Program Studi Ilmu Keperawatan Universitas Islam Negeri Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta. Jurnal Kesehatan UINSH, 1–110.

Tarhani, M., Fathi, M., & Rahmati, M. (2022). The Effect of Aerobic Exercise with Different Intensities on Pain, Menstrual Symptoms and Quality of Life in Adolescent Girls with Primary Dysmenorrhea. Armaghane Danesh, 27(1), 11–26. https://doi.org/10.52547/armaghanj.27.1.11

Woosley, J. A., & Lichstein, K. L. (2014). Dysmenorrhea, the menstrual cycle, and sleep. Behavioral Medicine, 40(1), 14–21. https://doi.org/10.1080/08964289.2013.829020

Zanada, J. F., Setyawan, H., Susanto, N., Bahtra, R., Wijanarko, T., Anam, K., García-Jiménez, J. V., Fitriady, G., Pavlovic, R., & Nowak, A. M. (2024). Reducing dysmenorrhea in school-aged teenagers by practising yoga: A literature review. Retos: Nuevas Tendencias En Educación Física, Deporte y Recreación, 54, 76–83.

Downloads

Published

2024-12-01

How to Cite

Permana, M. F., Nasrulloh, A., Purnomo, E. ., Akbaruddin, A., & Saputra, W. (2024). The effect of ideal body mass index and physical fitness level on dysmenorrhea reduction. Retos, 61, 1004–1008. https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v61.109380

Issue

Vol. 61 (2024)

Section

Original Research Article

License

Copyright (c) 2024 Retos

Creative Commons License

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.

Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:

  1. Authors retain copyright and ensure the magazine the right to be the first publication of the work as licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgment of authorship of the work and the initial publication in this magazine.
  2. Authors can establish separate additional agreements for non-exclusive distribution of the version of the work published in the journal (eg, to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgment of its initial publication in this journal.
  3. Is allowed and authors are encouraged to disseminate their work electronically (eg, in institutional repositories or on their own website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as to a subpoena more Early and more of published work (See The Effect of Open Access) (in English).

This journal provides immediate open access to its content (BOAI, http://legacy.earlham.edu/~peters/fos/boaifaq.htm#openaccess) on the principle that making research freely available to the public supports a greater global exchange of knowledge. The authors may download the papers from the journal website, or will be provided with the PDF version of the article via e-mail.

Most read articles by the same author(s)

1 2 > >>