¿Cómo funciona el aprendizaje cooperativo con los alumnos? Revisión bibliográfica sobre educa-ción física (How does cooperative learning work with students? Literature review in physical education)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v55.105256Palabras clave:
Modelo de aprendizaje, aprendizaje cooperativo, educación física, estudiantesResumen
El aprendizaje cooperativo se erige como un enfoque educativo reconocido con potencial para facilitar los resultados de aprendizaje deseados. Esta revisión bibliográfica tiene como objetivo examinar la literatura científica existente sobre los efectos del aprendizaje cooperativo en los estudiantes en el ámbito de la educación física. Mientras que una revisión sistemática que abarca los años 2014 a 2019 se llevó a cabo previamente (Bores-García et al., 2021), este estudio proporciona una visión más reciente que abarca desde 2019 hasta 2024. Utilizando tres bases de datos prominentes (ScienceDirect, PubMed y Scopus), se seleccionaron artículos relacionados con el aprendizaje cooperativo en educación física de acuerdo con las directrices de los Elementos de Información Preferidos para Revisiones Sistemáticas y Metaanálisis (PRISMA). Tras la aplicación de los criterios de exclusión, se identificaron y clasificaron un total de 11 artículos. En general, los resultados indican que el aprendizaje cooperativo resulta eficaz para mejorar la motivación, la participación, las habilidades sociales y los logros de aprendizaje de los estudiantes en el ámbito de la educación física. La adaptación de las estrategias de aprendizaje cooperativo a los objetivos de aprendizaje específicos y a las características de los alumnos resulta fundamental para enriquecer las experiencias educativas y los logros de los estudiantes en este campo. A pesar de los conocimientos adquiridos, se reconocen las limitaciones inherentes a la revisión, lo que justifica una mayor exploración global a través de revisiones adicionales de la literatura o estudios de mapeo (incluyendo análisis bibliométricos y cienciométricos). Además, se considera imperativo seguir investigando sobre la aplicación y el impacto del aprendizaje cooperativo a la luz de los valores sociales contemporáneos que hacen hincapié en la interacción social, el diálogo y el respeto, así como en la importancia de la actividad física y el deporte.
Palabras clave: Modelo de aprendizaje, aprendizaje cooperativo, educación física, alumnos.
Abstract. Cooperative learning stands as a recognized educational approach with potential to facilitate desired learning outcomes. This literature review aims to examine the existing body of scientific literature concerning the effects of cooperative learning on students within the realm of physical education. While a systematic review encompassing the years 2014 to 2019 was previously undertaken (Bores-García et al., 2021), this study provides a more recent overview spanning from 2019 to 2024. Utilizing three prominent databases (ScienceDirect, PubMed, and Scopus), articles pertaining to cooperative learning in physical education were selected in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. Following the application of exclusion criteria, a total of 11 articles were identified and categorized. Overall, the findings indicate that cooperative learning proves effective in enhancing students' motivation, participation, social skills, and learning achievements within the domain of physical education. Tailoring cooperative learning strategies to align with specific learning objectives and student characteristics emerges as pivotal in enriching students' educational experiences and accomplishments in this field. Despite the insights gained, limitations inherent in the review are acknowledged, warranting further global exploration through additional literature reviews or mapping studies (including bibliometric and scientometric analyses). Moreover, continued research on the application and impact of cooperative learning is deemed imperative in light of contemporary societal values emphasizing social interaction, dialogue, respect, as well as the significance of physical activity and sports.
Keywoard: Learning model, cooperative learning, physical education, students.
Citas
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