Estimulación de las habilidades motrices mediante modelos de juego en alumnos de educación infantil y primaria: revisión sistemática en Indonesia (Stimulation of motor skills through game models in early childhood and elementary school students: systematic review in Indonesia)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v51.101743Palabras clave:
Motor skills, play model, early childhood, elementary schoolResumen
Antecedentes y objetivo del estudio. La relevancia de las habilidades motrices para todo estudiante, ya que tienen beneficios y afectan al desarrollo general de los niños. Varios estudios han ofrecido datos sobre el aprendizaje y el desarrollo de las habilidades motrices en los más pequeños. La información del modelo de juego es ampliamente creada y utilizada como referencia para potenciar las habilidades motrices gruesas. En consecuencia, el propósito de este estudio es llevar a cabo una revisión de la literatura científica en Indonesia sobre la estimulación de las habilidades motoras en los alumnos de educación infantil y primaria a través del aprendizaje mediante modelos de juego. Para la búsqueda en este estudio se utilizó la herramienta Harzing Publish or Perish. Se utilizó una base de datos (Scopus) para encontrar publicaciones sobre el desarrollo de habilidades motoras mediante el aprendizaje basado en el juego. La búsqueda se realizó de acuerdo con las recomendaciones Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA). Tras aplicar los criterios de exclusión, sólo quedaron cinco artículos. Los resultados indican que los métodos de investigación empleados en la investigación del aprendizaje cooperativo en Indonesia son diversos, incluyendo la investigación cuantitativa, mixta (cuantitativa y cualitativa) y el desarrollo. Por término medio, se utilizaron equipos de medición para recoger datos para el estudio. Según las conclusiones de esta revisión, en el primer grupo, el aprendizaje infantil tradicional basado en el juego es capaz de optimizar el desarrollo motor básico de los niños de jardín de infancia, con un historial de aplicación del concepto/base teórica, las etapas de actividad, los sistemas sociales, los principios de reacción, los sistemas de apoyo y los modelos de impacto, y de aumentar las habilidades básicas de los alumnos para la motricidad alta. En la segunda categoría, el aprendizaje estructurado en forma de juegos puede estimular la motricidad fina y las capacidades cognitivas de los niños, así como reforzar las habilidades motrices fundamentales y desarrollar las habilidades motrices gruesas para su uso en el proceso de aprendizaje. Se han identificado algunas deficiencias en la revisión, y es importante continuar este estudio a nivel internacional con una revisión de la literatura o un estudio de mapeo (bibliométrico y cienciométrico), así como realizar una investigación sobre el uso del modelo de juego y su impacto.
Palabras clave: Habilidades motrices, modelo de juego, primera infancia, escuela primaria
Abstract. Background and purpose of the study. The relevance of motor skills for every student since they have benefits and affect the overall development of kids. Several studies have offered data on learning and developing motor abilities in youngsters. The game model's information is extensively created and utilized as a reference to enhance gross motor abilities. As a result, the purpose of this study is to conduct a review of the scientific literature in Indonesia on the stimulation of motor skills in early childhood and primary school students through learning using game models. The Harzing Publish or Perish tool was utilized for the search in this study. A database (Scopus) was utilized to find publications on motor skill development through play-based learning. The search was carried out in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) recommendations. Only five items remained after the exclusion criteria were applied. The findings indicate that the research methods employed in cooperative learning research in Indonesia are various, including quantitative, mixed research (quantitative and qualitative), and development. On average, measuring equipment was utilized to collect data for the study. According to the findings of this review, in the first group, traditional play-based children's learning is capable of optimizing kindergarten children's basic motor development, with a track record of implementing the concept/theoretical basis, activity stages, social systems, reaction principles, support systems, and impact models, and increasing students' basic skills for high motor skills. In the second category, learning structured in the form of games may stimulate children's fine motor and cognitive abilities, as well as strengthen fundamental motor skills and build gross motor skills for use in the learning process. Some shortcomings in the review have been identified, and it is important to continue this study internationally with a literature review or mapping study (bibliometric and scientometric), as well as to conduct research on the use of the game model and its impact.
Keywords: Motor skills, play model, early childhood, elementary school
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