Diseño de un modelo de aprendizaje innovador para habilidades fundamentales de lanzar y atrapar utilizando el enfoque de juegos de enseñanza para la comprensión (tgfu) en educación primaria (Designing an innovative learning model for fundamental throwing and catching skills using the teaching games for understanding (tgfu) approach in elementary education)

Autores/as

  • Irwan Ritonga Universitas Negeri Padang
  • Gusril Gusril Universitas Negeri Padang
  • Yanuar Kiram Universitas Negeri Padang
  • Muhsana El Cintami Lanos Universitas PGRI Palembang
  • Rifqi Festiawan Universitas Jenderal Soedirman https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0984-4341

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v61.108823

Palabras clave:

Actividad física, Los juegos didácticos para la comprensión, Modelo de aprendizaje, Movimientos básicos, Lanzar, Atrapar

Resumen

La presente investigación se centra en mejorar las habilidades fundamentales de lanzamiento y recepción de los estudiantes de educación primaria mediante un modelo de aprendizaje innovador y efectivo, basado en el enfoque de Enseñanza de Juegos para la Comprensión (TGfU). Los métodos tradicionales de educación física a menudo no logran involucrar a los estudiantes, especialmente a aquellos con habilidades motoras subdesarrolladas, resultando en una menor participación en actividades físicas. Este estudio tuvo como objetivo diseñar y validar un modelo de aprendizaje basado en TGfU específicamente para estudiantes de quinto grado, siguiendo el proceso de desarrollo de Borg y Gall, que incluye etapas iterativas de prueba y refinamiento. Los instrumentos utilizados para medir las habilidades de lanzamiento y recepción incluyeron evaluaciones de rendimiento y listas de verificación observacional. El estudio se realizó en tres etapas: prueba inicial con 20 estudiantes, prueba del producto principal con 100 estudiantes y prueba de efectividad con 36 estudiantes. La validación de contenido alcanzó el 91% y la validación por expertos en medios fue del 85%, con cuestionarios de practicidad e implicación estudiantil que puntuaron 92.5% y 95% respectivamente en pruebas a pequeña escala, y el interés en los medios alcanzó el 96% en pruebas a gran escala. La normalidad y homogeneidad de los datos fueron confirmadas mediante pruebas de normalidad (p > 0.05) y homogeneidad (p > 0.05), indicando que los datos estaban distribuidos normalmente y eran homogéneos. Los resultados de la prueba t pareada (sig. 0.000) demostraron una mejora significativa en las habilidades de lanzamiento y recepción de los estudiantes, confirmando la efectividad del modelo de aprendizaje desarrollado. Estos hallazgos validan el enfoque basado en TGfU como un método superior para involucrar a los estudiantes y mejorar sus habilidades motoras en la educación física.

Palabras clave: Actividad física, Los juegos didácticos para la comprensión, Modelo de aprendizaje, Movimientos básicos, Lanzar, Atrapar.

Abstract. This research focuses on enhancing elementary school students' fundamental throwing and catching skills through an engaging and effective learning model grounded in the Teaching Games for Understanding (TGFU) approach. Traditional physical education methods often fail to engage students, particularly those with underdeveloped motor skills, resulting in lower participation in physical activities. This study aimed to design and validate a TGFU-based learning model specifically for fifth graders, following Borg and Gall's development process, which includes iterative testing and refinement stages. Instruments used to measure throwing and catching skills included performance assessments and observational checklists. The study involved three stages: initial testing with 20 students, main product testing with 100 students, and effectiveness testing with 36 students. Content validation reached 91%, and media expert validation was 85%, with practicality and student engagement questionnaires scoring 92.5% and 95%, respectively, in small-scale trials, and media interest reaching 96% in large-scale trials. Data normality and homogeneity were confirmed through normality (p > 0.05) and homogeneity tests (p > 0.05), indicating that the data were normally distributed and homogeneous. The paired t-test results (sig. 0.000) demonstrated a significant improvement in students' throwing and catching skills, confirming the effectiveness of the developed learning model. These findings validate the TGFU-based approach as a superior method for engaging students and enhancing their motor skills in physical education.

Keywords: Physical Activity, The Teaching Games for Understanding, Learning Model, Basic Movements, Throwing, Catching.

Citas

Burgess, A., Roberts, C., Ayton, T., & Mellis, C. (2018). Implementation of modified team-based learning within a problem based learning medical curriculum: A focus group study. BMC Medical Education, 18(1), 1–7. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12909-018-1172-8

Chan, C. H. S., Ha, A. S. C., Ng, J. Y. Y., & Lubans, D. R. (2019). Associations between fundamental movement skill competence, physical activity and psycho-social determinants in Hong Kong Chinese children. Journal of Sports Sciences, 37(2), 229–236. https://doi.org/10.1080/02640414.2018.1490055

Costello, K. (2020). A four-week fundamental motor skill intervention improves motor skills in eight to 10-year-old Irish primary school children. Cogent Social Sciences, 6(1). https://doi.org/10.1080/23311886.2020.1724065

Domínguez, V. S. (2022). Iberia: A Role-Playing Game for an Innovative Teaching of Ancient History. Futuro Del Pasado, 13, 641–669. https://doi.org/10.14201/fdp.27394

Estevan, I. (2022). Longitudinal association of movement behaviour and motor competence in childhood: A structural equation model, compositional, and isotemporal substitution analysis. Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport, 25(8), 661–666. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsams.2022.05.010

Festiawan, R., Hooi, L. B., Nor, M. A. M., Ngadiman, N., Widiawati, P., Burhaein, E., & Phytanza, D. T. P. (2021). Traditional Sports-Based Learning: Innovative Learning Method to Improve Fundamental Movement Skills and Learning Motivation. Sport Science, 15(1), 28–36. https://doi.org/10.2991/19.2019.88

Festiawan, R., Sumanto, E., Febriani, A. R., Permadi, A. A., Arifin, Z., Utomo, A. W., Nugroho, W. A., & Pratama, K. W. (2024). The Hybrid Learning System With Project Based Learning: Can It Increase Creative Thinking Skill and Learning Motivation in Physical Education Learning? Retos, 56, 1009–1015. https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v56.105047

Firmana, I., Subarjah, H., Mahendra, A., & Nuryadi, N. (2022). Survei Kualitas Gerak Manipiulatif Siswa Pada Pembelajaran Daring di Sekolah Dasar. Physical Activity Journal, 4(1), 53. https://doi.org/10.20884/1.paju.2022.4.1.6709

Houghton, R. (2022). Teaching the Middle Ages through modern games: Using, modding and creating games for education and impact. In Teaching the Middle Ages through Modern Games: Using, Modding and Creating Games for Education and Impact. https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110712032

Jia, Z. R. (2021). Effects of teaching games for understanding integrated sport education model on college students’ football cognitive performance and motor skills. Revista de Cercetare Si Interventie Sociala, 72, 274–287. https://doi.org/10.33788/rcis.72.17

Julianti, R. R., Suherman, A., Budiana, D., Fitri, E., Sari, N., Ridwan, M., Festiawan, R., Hamdani, F., & Surabaya, U. N. (2024). Implementation of intentionally structured psychosocial through folk games and traditional sports in elementary school students Implementación de un enfoque psicosocial intencional a través de juegos populares y deportes tradicionales en estudiantes de educación primaria. 2041, 810–815.

Ketut Yoda, I., Festiawan, R., Ihsan, N., & Okilanda, A. (2024). Effectiveness of Motor Learning Model Based on Local Wisdom in Improving Fundamental Skills. Retos, 57, 881–886. https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v57.106807

Kurniawan, R., Heynoek, F. P., & ... (2022). Pengembangan modul guru pada materi variasi dan kombinasi gerak lokomotor dan manipulatif untuk SMALB. Physical Activity Journal …. https://jos.unsoed.ac.id/index.php/paju/article/view/5480

Lawson, C. (2021). Fundamental Movement Skill Proficiency Among British Primary School Children: Analysis at a Behavioral Component Level. In Perceptual and Motor Skills (Vol. 128, Issue 2, pp. 625–648). https://doi.org/10.1177/0031512521990330

MacEachern, S., Forkert, N. D., Lemay, J. F., & Dewey, D. (2022). Physical Activity Participation and Barriers for Children and Adolescents with Disabilities. International Journal of Disability, Development and Education, 69(1), 204–216. https://doi.org/10.1080/1034912X.2021.1952939

Martins, C. (2021). The combination of three movement behaviours is associated with object control skills, but not locomotor skills, in preschoolers. European Journal of Pediatrics, 180(5), 1505–1512. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00431-020-03921-z

Newell, K. M. (2020). What are Fundamental Motor Skills and What is Fundamental about Them? Journal of Motor Learning and Development, 8(2), 280–314. https://doi.org/10.1123/JMLD.2020-0013

Ngadiman, Festiawan, R., Istiqomah, V. D., Wahono, B. S., Mulyani, J. D., Widanita, N., & Nursantiko, D. R. (2024). Potential sports information system design. Retos, 59, 923–927. https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v59.105321

Ngadiman, N., Festiawan, R., Wahono, B. S., Burhaein, E., & Phytanza, D. T. P. (2021). The Motor Skills Test for New Students of The Physical Education Program. Sport Science, 15(1), 211–216.

Pacheco, M. M. (2022). Transitional Movement Skill Dependence on Fundamental Movement Skills: Testing Seefeldt’s Proficiency Barrier. Research Quarterly for Exercise and Sport, 93(4), 718–727. https://doi.org/10.1080/02701367.2021.1912691

Risnawati, R., Humaid, H., Sulaiman, I., Festiawan, R., Education, P., Program, P., & Education, P. (2024). Development of an endurance training model in athletic performance: a case study on long distance running in Indonesia Desarrollo de un modelo de entrenamiento de resistencia en el rendimiento deportivo: un estudio de caso sobre carreras de larga distancia en Indonesia. 2041, 1222–1229.

Rohmansyah, N. A. (2022). Challenge-based games’ impact on manipulative motor skills, direction-following, and body awareness in children with mental disabilities. Journal of Anthropology of Sport and Physical Education, 6(4), 7–9. https://doi.org/10.26773/jaspe.221002

Sarabzadeh, M., Azari, B. B., & Helalizadeh, M. (2019). The effect of six weeks of Tai Chi Chuan training on the motor skills of children with Autism Spectrum Disorder. Journal of Bodywork and Movement Therapies, 23(2), 284–290. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbmt.2019.01.007

Sujarwo, S., & Widayat, W. (2020). Survei Pembelajaran Pendidikan Jasmani, Olahraga dan Kesehatan (PJOK) Materi Bola Voli Mini di Sekolah Dasar. Physical Activity Journal, 2(1), 1. https://doi.org/10.20884/1.paju.2020.2.1.2604

Sumartiningsih, S., Risdiyanto, A., Yusof, A., Rahayu, S., Handoyo, E., Puspita, M. A., Sugiharto, Mukarromah, S. B., Hooi, L. B., Lubis, J., Hanief, Y. N., Festiawan, R., & Eiberger, J. (2022). The FIFA 11+ for kids warm-up program improved balance and leg muscle strength in children (9–12 years old). Journal of Physical Education and Sport, 22(12), 3122–3127. https://doi.org/10.7752/jpes.2022.12395

Susanto, E., Bayok, M., Satriawan, R., Festiawan, R., Kurniawan, D. D., & Putra, F. (2023). Talent Identification Predicting in Athletics: A Case Study in Indonesia. Annals of Applied Sport Science, 11(1), 1–11. https://doi.org/10.52547/aassjournal.1102

Szymanek-Pilarczyk, M. (2021). The effects of supplementary plyometric training on the development of selected motor skills of young football players from Akademia Raków Częstochowa football club. Sport i Turystyka. Środkowoeuropejskie Czasopismo Naukowe, 4(1), 129–138. https://doi.org/10.16926/sit.2021.04.07

Tompsett, C., Sanders, R., Taylor, C., & Cobley, S. (2017). Pedagogical Approaches to and Effects of Fundamental Movement Skill Interventions on Health Outcomes: A Systematic Review. Sports Medicine, 47(9), 1795–1819. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40279-017-0697-z

van Aart, I., Hartman, E., Elferink-Gemser, M., Mombarg, R., & Visscher, C. (2017). Relations among basic psychological needs, PE-motivation and fundamental movement skills in 9–12-year-old boys and girls in Physical Education. Physical Education and Sport Pedagogy, 22(1), 15–34. https://doi.org/10.1080/17408989.2015.1112776

Yani, A., & Sina, I. (2022). Pengaruh Latihan Fundamental Movement Skills (FMS) pada Anak dengan Gangguan Koordinasi Perkembangan (Dyspraxia). Physical Activity Journal (PAJU). https://jos.unsoed.ac.id/index.php/paju/article/view/6940

Yudanto. (2022). The effect of game experience learning model and fundamental movement skills on psychosocial skills in youth soccer players. Journal of Physical Education and Sport, 22(5), 1227–1233. https://doi.org/10.7752/jpes.2022.05154

Zhao, D. (2022). Game-Based Learning: Enhancing Student Experience, Knowledge Gain, and Usability in Higher Education Programming Courses. IEEE Transactions on Education, 65(4), 502–513. https://doi.org/10.1109/TE.2021.3136914

Descargas

Publicado

2024-10-09

Cómo citar

Ritonga, I., Gusril, G., Kiram, Y. ., Lanos, M. E. C. ., & Festiawan, R. . (2024). Diseño de un modelo de aprendizaje innovador para habilidades fundamentales de lanzar y atrapar utilizando el enfoque de juegos de enseñanza para la comprensión (tgfu) en educación primaria (Designing an innovative learning model for fundamental throwing and catching skills using the teaching games for understanding (tgfu) approach in elementary education). Retos, 61, 448–454. https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v61.108823

Número

Sección

Artículos de carácter científico: trabajos de investigaciones básicas y/o aplicadas

Artículos más leídos del mismo autor/a

1 2 > >>