Actividades de motivación y juego para los movimientos básicos de los niños (Motivation and Play Activities for Children's Basic Movements)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v57.107149Palabras clave:
Children, basic movements, motivation, forms of play.Resumen
Los retrasos en los movimientos básicos durante la primera infancia representan un desafío que debe ser abordado por los profesionales del deporte. Esta investigación tiene como objetivo describir cómo el juego y la motivación se relacionan con los movimientos básicos de los niños, implementando un enfoque de modelo experimental. Los participantes de la muestra fueron niños que aún cursaban la escuela primaria, con una edad promedio de 11.09 ± 0.73 años. Los datos se recopilaron mediante un cuestionario de motivación para el entrenamiento y la prueba de capacidad motora de Scott, que consistió en lanzamiento de baloncesto, carrera de 4 segundos, pase contra la pared y salto de longitud. Los datos se analizaron utilizando una prueba ANOVA factorial de dos vías. Los resultados de la investigación muestran que el modelo de entrenamiento con pelota kasiti es más efectivo que el entrenamiento de fortificación. Además, existe una interacción entre la forma de entrenamiento y la motivación: los movimientos básicos realizados en el entrenamiento con pelota kasiti son superiores a los de fortalecimiento para los niños con alta motivación en el entrenamiento, mientras que el entrenamiento de béisbol es mejor que el de fuerza para aquellos con baja motivación. Este hallazgo es importante, ya que informa sobre las habilidades de movimiento básicas de los niños a través de ejercicios específicos.
Palabras clave: Niños, movimientos básicos, motivación, formas de juego.
Abstract. Delays in basic movements during early childhood represent a challenge that must be addressed by sports professionals. This research aims to describe how play and motivation relate to children's basic movements, implementing an experimental model approach. The sample participants were children who were still in primary school, with an average age of 11.09 ± 0.73 years. Data were collected using a training motivation questionnaire and the Scott motor ability test, which consisted of basketball throw, 4-second run, wall pass, and long jump. Data were analyzed using a two-way factorial ANOVA test. The research results show that the kasiti ball training model is more effective than fortification training. Furthermore, there is an interaction between the form of training and motivation: the basic movements performed in the kasiti ball training are superior to the strengthening ones for children with high training motivation, while the baseball training is better than the of strength for those with low motivation. This finding is important as it informs children's basic movement skills through specific exercises.
Keywords: Children, basic movements, motivation, forms of play.
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