Métricas alternativas
Palabras clave
funcionamiento ejecutivo
lenguaje
prácticas familiares
uso del smartphone Early child development
executive functioning
language
family practices
smartphone use
Cómo citar
Resumen
Existe un interés cada vez mayor por entender cómo el uso de teléfonos inteligentes puede afectar el desarrollo infantil temprano. En este estudio, adoptamos un enfoque de variable latente para examinar las prácticas parentales relacionadas con el uso de estos dispositivos y sus efectos en el desarrollo ejecutivo-lingüístico temprano. Específicamente, consideramos dos factores relacionados con este uso: un factor de cantidad, que comprende varias medidas de exposición a estos dispositivos, y un factor de calidad, que refleja la frecuencia con la que las familias emplean estrategias que promueven interacciones contingentes y que apoyan el aprendizaje durante el tiempo frente a pantallas. Además, exploramos el papel de la educación parental en la configuración de estas prácticas. Los resultados indican que una mayor exposición tiene efectos perjudiciales en el funcionamiento ejecutivo y el desempeño comunicativo-lingüístico de los niños pequeños. Por el contrario, una mayor calidad influye positivamente en las habilidades del lenguaje expresivo que, a su vez, se asocian con mejores habilidades ejecutivas. En este contexto, la educación materna no solo muestra un impacto positivo directo en el desarrollo ejecutivo-lingüístico temprano, sino también un efecto indirecto en las habilidades comunicativo-lingüísticas a través de una mayor frecuencia de interacciones de alta calidad entre niños y adultos durante el tiempo frente a pantallas. Estos hallazgos apuntan a la necesidad de minimizar la exposición a estos dispositivos en estas edades, al tiempo que destacan la importancia de integrar su uso en entornos que optimicen el tiempo frente a pantallas. También destacan el papel de la educación familiar en las prácticas implementadas en el hogar relacionadas con las pantallas.
Citas
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