Exercício para a saúde na velhice: revisão abrangente dos benefícios e eficácia das intervenções

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Autores

  • Didi Suryadi Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0206-9197
  • Nugroho Susanto Universitas Negeri Padang
  • Eva Faridah Universitas Negeri Medan https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0255-0383
  • Ribut Wahidi STKIP Muhammadiyah kuningan
  • Y Touvan Juni Samodra Universitas Tanjungpura https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4850-1990
  • Ahmad Nasrulloh Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta
  • Mikkey Anggara Suganda Universitas Nahdlatul Ulama Cirebon https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1764-3646
  • Isti Dwi Puspita Wati Universitas Tanjungpura
  • Albadi Sinulingga Universitas Negeri Medan
  • Novita Intan Arovah Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta
  • Julian Dewantara Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v55.103771

Palavras-chave:

Sports health, sports benefits, physical activity, older age, active lifestyle

Resumo

Os idosos constituem um grupo etário cada vez mais vasto e são parte integrante da sociedade moderna. O processo de envelhecimento traz desafios significativos à saúde e, portanto, o exercício tem um papel importante a desempenhar na manutenção da qualidade de vida e do bem-estar dos idosos. O objetivo desta revisão é explorar o papel do exercício físico saudável em idosos, incluindo seus benefícios, tipos apropriados de atividades e fatores que influenciam a participação em exercícios físicos nessa faixa etária. O exercício para a saúde dos idosos foi o tema desta revisão sistemática, que se concentrou nos benefícios e na eficácia das intervenções. Este estudo realizou uma busca por palavras-chave (“atividade física para idosos” OR “atividade física para idosos” AND “benefícios do exercício para idosos” OR “efeitos do exercício para idosos” AND “eficácia das intervenções de saúde” OR “eficácia das intervenções de saúde” OR “ saúde dos idosos" AND "intervenção de saúde por exercício" OR "aptidão física na velhice") em bases de dados (ScienceDi-rect: 1,2011 e PubMed 1,039) seguindo as diretrizes do Preferred Report-ing Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta- Análises (PRISMA) para identificar artigos que abordassem os benefícios e a eficácia das intervenções de exercício na saúde em idosos. Seguindo os critérios de exclusão, foram categorizados um total de 15 artigos relevantes. A revisão apresentou os benefícios do exercício para a saúde em idosos. A revisão apresentou os benefícios do exercício físico para a saúde em idosos. No primeiro grupo, foi demonstrado que um programa de exercícios de intensidade moderada a alta de 12 semanas melhorou vários aspectos da saúde física e cognitiva em adultos mais velhos. Estas incluíram o aumento da massa corporal, da capacidade funcional, da força muscular e da redução do risco de doenças relacionadas com a idade. O segundo grupo destacou os benefícios do exercício físico através de atividades esportivas específicas, com melhora do sono, diminuição da percepção da dor e proteção contra a ansiedade da morte. Além disso, este grupo também demonstrou a eficácia de diversas terapias de exercícios na promoção de um envelhecimento saudável. O terceiro grupo, atividade física e implementação de estilo de vida, demonstrou ser eficaz no aumento dos níveis de atividade física entre os idosos e na prevenção do declínio da função física. Esta revisão destaca a importância do exercício físico na melhoria da saúde e do bem-estar dos idosos. Os resultados podem servir de base para a concepção de intervenções mais eficazes para apoiar estilos de vida activos e saudáveis ​​entre os idosos. Esta estratégia abrangente visa melhorar o bem-estar geral da população idosa, promovendo uma melhor qualidade de vida e mitigando o impacto das doenças relacionadas com a idade. Como tal, requer uma abordagem que leve em conta as necessidades e limitações individuais. Além dos benefícios para a saúde, o exercício tem importantes implicações sociais. A prática de atividade física facilita o convívio social dos idosos, ajudando-os a manter vínculos com sua comunidade, amigos e familiares, enfrentando assim o problema do isolamento social. Neste contexto, o envolvimento da família, dos profissionais de saúde e da comunidade desempenha um papel fundamental no apoio à participação dos idosos nas atividades físicas. A educação, o cuidado e a criação de um ambiente propício ao exercício são medidas cruciais para garantir uma ótima qualidade de vida à população idosa.

Palavras-chave: Saúde esportiva, benefícios do esporte, atividade física, idade avançada, estilo de vida ativo.

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2024-03-27

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Suryadi, D., Susanto , N., Faridah, E., Wahidi, R., Samodra, Y. T. J., Nasrulloh, A., Suganda, M. A., Wati, I. D. P., Sinulingga , A., Arovah, N. I., & Dewantara, J. (2024). Exercício para a saúde na velhice: revisão abrangente dos benefícios e eficácia das intervenções: Ej. Retos, 55, 88–98. https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v55.103771

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