Modelo de aprendizaje de los movimientos manipulativos básicos de lanzamiento y recepción: un estudio del desarrollo a través del juego en la primera infancia (Learning model of basic manipulative movements of throwing and catching: A developmental study through early childhood play)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v55.104838Palabras clave:
Sport Science, Motor Control, Basic Manipulative Movements, Early ChillhodResumen
La importancia del aprendizaje de los movimientos manipulativos básicos de lanzamiento y recepción debe ser asumida por todos los niños en la primera infancia, ya que tiene beneficios e influye en su desarrollo general. Este estudio tiene como objetivo desarrollar un modelo de aprendizaje de los movimientos manipulativos básicos de lanzamiento y recepción en la Primera Infancia. El tipo de investigación adaptado es Investigación y Desarrollo (I+D) adoptando el modelo de desarrollo de Borg & Gall que conceptualmente los pasos de investigación y desarrollo de este modelo de desarrollo incluyen 10 pasos a saber: 1) investigación y recopilación de datos, 2) planificación, 3) desarrollo, 4) prueba inicial sobre el terreno, 5) revisión de los resultados de la prueba, 6) segunda prueba sobre el terreno, 7) perfeccionamiento de los productos de la prueba sobre el terreno, 8) prueba de aplicación sobre el terreno, 9) perfeccionamiento final del producto, 10) difusión y aplicación. El diseño inicial constaba de 16 paquetes de juegos. En la fase de desarrollo participaron jueces, profesores de guardería y, como muestras en los ensayos a pequeña y gran escala, se utilizaron alumnos de guardería de entre 5 y 6 años. Los resultados del estudio dieron lugar a 14 series de juegos. Según la prueba de eficacia, el valor de Ngain es del 75,73%. Por lo tanto, estos 14 modelos de juego merecen ser utilizados para desarrollar las habilidades de lanzamiento y recepción de los niños de 5 a 6 años. Estos resultados suponen una importante contribución al desarrollo de la educación infantil, especialmente en el contexto del desarrollo de la motricidad fina. El modelo de aprendizaje desarrollado puede ser una referencia para educadores y padres a la hora de apoyar el desarrollo de los movimientos manipulativos en la primera infancia mediante un enfoque lúdico eficaz y divertido.
Palabras clave: Ciencias del Deporte, Control Motor, Movimientos Manipulativos Básicos, Chillhod Temprano.
Abstract. The importance of learning basic manipulative movements of throwing and catching to be owned by every early childhood because it has benefits and influences on their overall development. This study aims to develop a model of learning basic manipulative movements of throwing and catching in Early Childhood. The type of research adapted is Research and Development (R&D) adopting the Borg & Gall development model which conceptually the research and development steps of this development model include 10 steps namely: 1) research and data collection, 2) planning, 3) development, 4) initial field trial, 5) revision of trial results, 6) second field trial, 7) refinement of field test products, 8) field implementation test, 9) final product refinement, 10) dissemination and implementation. The initial design consisted of 16 game packages. The development stage involved judges, kindergarten teachers, and as samples in small and large scale trials, kindergarten students aged 5-6 years were used. The results of the study resulted in 14 series of games. Based on the effectiveness test, the Ngain value is 75.73%. So that these 14 game models are worth using to develop the throwing and catching skills of children aged 5-6 years. These findings make an important contribution to the development of early childhood education, especially in the context of developing fine motor skills. The learning model developed can be a reference for educators and parents in supporting the development of early childhood manipulative movements through an effective and fun play approach.
Keywords: Sport Science, Motor Control, Basic Manipulative Movements, Early Chillhod.
Citas
Ardiyansyah, W., & Tuasikal, A. R. S. (2016). Modifikasi Permainan Lari Estafet untuk Meningkatkan Gerak Dasar Manipulatif Anak Tunagrahita Ringan. Pendidikan Olahraga Dan Kesehatan, 4(1), 177–184.
Aris Rahmadani, N. K., Latiana, L., & AEN, R. A. (2018). The Influence of Traditional Games on The Development of Children’s Basic Motor Skills. Revista Publicando, 5(15). https://doi.org/10.2991/icece-17.2018.41
Athaya, H., Dewantara, J., Husein, M., Taiar, R., Malek, N. F. A., & Shukla, M. (2023). Analysis of physical fitness in students: a comparative study based on social status. Tanjungpura Journal of Coaching Research, 1(3), 71–78. https://doi.org/10.26418/tajor.v1i3.66542
Aziz, I., Okilanda, A., Permadi, A. A., Tjahyanto, T., Prabowo, T. A., Rozi, M. F., Suganda, M. A., & Suryadi, D. (2023). Correlational study: Sports Students’ special test results and basic athletic training learning outcomes. Retos, 49, 519–524. https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v49.98820
Aziz, I., Okilanda, A., Rozi, M. F., Suganda, M. A., & Suryadi, D. (2023). Results of Special Tests on Sports Students: Does It Have a Relationship with Learning Outcomes of Basic Athletic Practice? International Journal of Human Movement and Sports Sciences, 11(3), 676–682. https://doi.org/0.13189/saj.2023.110322
Baan, A. B., Rejeki, H. S., & Nurhayati. (2020). Perkembangan Motorik Kasar Anak Usia Dini. Bungamputi, 6(1).
Beseler, B., Mesagno, C., Spittle, M., Johnson, N. F., Harvey, J., Talpey, S., & Plumb, M. S. (2022). Validation of a Follow-Through Developmental Sequence for the Overarm Throw for Force in University Students. Journal of Motor Learning and Development, 10(2). https://doi.org/10.1123/jmld.2022-0010
Borukova, M., & Mavrudiev, P. (2020). Comparative Analysis Of The Characteristics Of Physical Ability Of 14-15 Years Old Students. Trakia Journal of Sciences, 18(Suppl.1). https://doi.org/10.15547/tjs.2020.s.01.135
Capio, C. M., Poolton, J. M., Sit, C. H. P., Holmstrom, M., & Masters, R. S. W. (2013). Reducing errors benefits the field-based learning of a fundamental movement skill in children. Scandinavian Journal of Medicine and Science in Sports, 23(2), 181–188. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0838.2011.01368.x
Chi, W.-H. (2010). Training Effects of Different Approaching Steps on Overarm Throwing Performance for Boys Aged 7-12 Years. Sports & Exercise Research, 12(1). https://doi.org/10.5297/ser.1201.002
Dewi, R., & Verawati, I. (2022). The Effect of Manipulative Games to Improve Fundamental Motor Skills in Elementary School Students. International Journal of Education in Mathematics, Science and Technology, 10(1), 24–37. https://doi.org/10.46328/ijemst.2163
Dhia, Z., Suryadi, D., Samodra, Y. T. J., Mashud, Mardiyyaningsih, A. N., Saputra, E., Németh, Z., Syam, A., Dewintha, R., & Fazarudin. (2023). Assessing the influence of playing method on the outcome of basketball shooting ability. Physical Culture, Recreation and Rehabilitation, 2(1), :37-43. https://doi.org/10.15561/physcult.2023.0106
Dirksen, T., De Lussanet, M. H. E., Zentgraf, K., Slupinski, L., & Wagner, H. (2016). Increased throwing accuracy improves children’s catching performance in a ball-catching task from the movement assessment battery (MABC-2). Frontiers in Psychology, 7(JUL). https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2016.01122
Djordjević, I., Valkova, H., & Petkovic, E. (2021). Differences of Motor Proficiency in Preschool Girls Related To Organized Physical Activity. Physical Education Theory and Methodology, 21(4), 357–364. https://doi.org/10.17309/tmfv.2021.4.11
Drost, D. K., Brown, K., Wirth, C. K., & Greska, E. K. (2015). Teaching Elementary-age Youth Catching Skills Using Theoretically Based Motor-development Strategies. Journal of Physical Education, Recreation & Dance, 86(1), 30–35. https://doi.org/10.1080/07303084.2014.978420
Gallahue, D. L., Ozmun, J. C., & Godway, J. D. (2019). Understanding motor dovelopment : Infants, Children, Adolescents, Adults, Seventh Edition. Americas, New York : The McGraw-Hill Companies.
Gimenez, R., Manoel, E. de J., de Oliveira, D. L., Dantas, L., & Marques, I. (2012). Integrating fundamental movement skills in late childhood. Perceptual and Motor Skills, 114(2). https://doi.org/10.2466/10.11.25.PMS.114.2.563-583
Grimpampi, E., Masci, I., Pesce, C., & Vannozzi, G. (2016). Quantitative assessment of developmental levels in overarm throwing using wearable inertial sensing technology. Journal of Sports Sciences, 34(18). https://doi.org/10.1080/02640414.2015.1137341
Gromeier, M., Koester, D., & Schack, T. (2017). Gender differences in motor skills of the overarm throw. Frontiers in Psychology, 8(FEB). https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2017.00212
Gromeier, M., Schack, T., & Koester, D. (2022). Effects of Age and Expertise on Mental Representation of the Throwing Movement Among 6- to 16-Year-Olds. Frontiers in Psychology, 13. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2022.799316
Halverson, L. E., Roberton, M. A., & Langendorfer, S. (1982). Development of the Overarm throw: Movement and Ball Velocity Changes by Seventh Grade. Research Quarterly for Exercise and Sport, 53(3). https://doi.org/10.1080/02701367.1982.10609340
Harianto, E., Gustian, U., Supriatna, E., Shalaby, M. N., & Taiar, R. (2023). Stimulating game performance skills in students: experimental studies using net games. Tanjungpura Journal of Coaching Research, 1(2), 63–70. https://doi.org/10.26418/tajor.v1i2.65009
Hermassi, S., Chelly, M. S., Michalsik, L. B., Sanal, N. E. M., Hayes, L. D., & Cadenas-Sanchez, C. (2021). Relationship between fatness, physical fitness, and academic performance in normal weight and overweight schoolchild handball players in Qatar State. PLoS ONE, 16(2 February 2021). https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0246476
Huhtiniemi, M., Sääkslahti, A., Tolvanen, A., Lubans, D. R., & Jaakkola, T. (2023). A scalable school-based intervention to increase early adolescents’ motor competence and health-related fitness. Scandinavian Journal of Medicine and Science in Sports, 33(10), 2046–2057. https://doi.org/10.1111/sms.14410
Johnson, J. L., Rudisill, M. E., Hastie, P. A., & Sassi, J. (2019). The influence of guided practice on overhand throwing competence in preschool children in a mastery motivational climate. Journal of Motor Learning and Development, 7(1). https://doi.org/10.1123/JMLD.2018-0005
Jospiah, J. (2017). Peningkatan Pembelajaran Lompat Jauh Melalui Pendekatan Bermain Pada Siswa Kelas V Sd Negeri 025 Koto Sentajo. Primary: Jurnal Pendidikan Guru Sekolah Dasar, 6(2), 563. https://doi.org/10.33578/jpfkip.v6i2.5521
Juni Samodra, Y. T., Yosika, G. F., Gustian, U., Mashud, M., Arifin, S., Suryadi, D., Wati, I. D. P., Syam, A., Candra, A. R. D., Wati, M. G., & Candra, A. T. (2024). Are boys and girls in rural areas equal in terms of gross motor skills? Retos, 54, 94–99. https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v54.103005
Keller, J., Lamenoise, J. M., Testa, M., Golomer, E., & Rosey, F. (2011). Discontinuity and variability in the development of the overarm throwing skill in 3- To 18-year-old children. International Journal of Sport Psychology, 42(3).
Liu, L. (2022). Analysis on Performance Development Trend of Track-and-Field Throwing Events Based on Blockchain and Mobile Big Data. Security and Communication Networks, 2022. https://doi.org/10.1155/2022/7559268
Lola, A., Tzetzis, G., Manou, V., & Alexandropoulou, S. (2022). Attentional focus on learning fundamental movement skills in children. Physical Activity Review, 10(1), 60–67. https://doi.org/10.16926/PAR.2022.10.07
Lorson, K. M., Stodden, D. F., Langendorfer, S. J., & Goodway, J. D. (2013). Age and gender differences in adolescent and adult overarm throwing. Research Quarterly for Exercise and Sport, 84(2). https://doi.org/10.1080/02701367.2013.784841
M.A., R., & J., K. (2001). Predicting children’s overarm throw ball velocities from their developmental levels in throwing. In Research quarterly for exercise and sport (Vol. 72, Issue 2).
Maselli, A., Dhawan, A., Russo, M., Cesqui, B., Lacquaniti, F., & d’Avella, A. (2019). A whole body characterization of individual strategies, gender differences, and common styles in overarm throwing. Journal of Neurophysiology, 122(6). https://doi.org/10.1152/JN.00011.2019
Mashud, M., Arifin, S., Warni, H., Samodra, Y. T. J., Yosika, G. F., Basuki, S., Suryadi, D., & Suyudi, I. (2024). Physical Fitness: Effects of active lifestyle internalization through physical literacy awarenes based project. Retos, 51, 1299–1308. https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v51.101662
Mashud, Warni, H., Putra, M. F. P., Haris, M. Al, Samodra, Y. T. J., Tantri, A., Kristiyandaru, A., & Suryadi, D. (2023). Integrating the Project-Based Learning and the Inclusive Teaching Style: An Innovation to Improve Freestyle Swimming Skills. International Journal of Human Movement and Sports Sciences, 11(5), 956–964. https://doi.org/10.13189/saj.2023.110503
Mustafa, P. S., & Sugiharto, S. (2020). Keterampilan motorik pada pendidikan jasmani meningkatkan pembelajaran gerak seumur hidup. Sporta Saintika, 5(2), 199–218. https://doi.org/10.24036/sporta.v5i2.133
Navarro-Patón, R., Brito-Ballester, J., Villa, S. P., Anaya, V., & Mecías-Calvo, M. (2021). Changes in motor competence after a brief physical education intervention program in 4 and 5-year-old preschool children. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 18(9). https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18094988
Petranek, L. J., & Barton, G. V. (2011). The overarm-throwing pattern among u-14 asa female softball players: A comparative study of gender, culture, and experience. Research Quarterly for Exercise and Sport, 82(2), 220–228. https://doi.org/10.1080/02701367.2011.10599749
Pinelle, D., Wong, N., & Stach, T. (2008). Using genres to customize usability evaluations of video games. ACM Future Play 2008 International Academic Conference on the Future of Game Design and Technology, Future Play: Research, Play, Share, 129–136. https://doi.org/10.1145/1496984.1497006
Rosita, T., Nurhayati, S., Jumiatin, D., Rosmiati, A., & Abdu, W. J. (2020). Using traditional role-play games by adults to nurture a culture of cooperation among children amidst wide-spread engagement in online games within today’s technological society. In Journal of Critical Reviews (Vol. 7, Issue 7, pp. 183–186). https://doi.org/10.31838/jcr.07.07.29
Rubiyatno, Perdana, R. P., Fallo, I. S., Arifin, Z., Nusri, A., Suryadi, D., Suganda, M. A., & Fauziah, E. (2023). Analysis of differences in physical fitness levels of extracurricular futsal students: Survey studies on urban and rural environments. Pedagogy of Physical Culture and Sports, 27(3), 208–214. https://doi.org/10.15561/26649837.2023.0304
Sakurai, S., & Miyashita, M. (1983). Developmental aspects of overarm throwing related to age and sex. Human Movement Science, 2(1–2). https://doi.org/10.1016/0167-9457(83)90007-6
Samodra, Y. T. J., Suryadi, D., Wati, I. D. P., Supriatna, E., Santika, I. G. P. N. A., Suganda, M. A., & Dewi, P. C. P. (2023). Analysis of gross motoric analysis of elementary school students: A comparative study of students in hill and coastal areas. Pedagogy of Physical Culture and Sports, 27(2), 139–145. https://doi.org/0.15561/26649837.2023.0206
Septianto, I., Sumaryanti, S., Nasrulloh, A., Sulistiyono, S., Nugraha, H., Ali, M., Ramadhani, A. M., Dewantara, J., Haniyyah, N., Fauzi, F., Suryadi, D., Ardian, R., & Subarjo, S. (2024). Traditional games for physical fitness: an experimental study on elementary school students. Retos, 54, 122–128. https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v54.104177
Stodden, D. F., Langendorfer, S. J., Fleisig, G. S., & Andrews, J. R. (2006). Kinematic constraints associated with the acquisition of overarm throwing part I: Step and trunk actions. Research Quarterly for Exercise and Sport, 77(4). https://doi.org/10.1080/02701367.2006.10599377
Suganda, M. A., Soegiyanto, Setyawati, H., Rahayu, S., & Rustiadi, T. (2023). Development of physical fitness tests for early childhood 4–6 years. Fizjoterapia Polska, 23(1), 40–49. https://doi.org/10.56984/8ZG07B6FF
Sugiyono. (2017). Metode penelitian kuantitatif, kualitatif dan R&D. Bandung: Alfabeta.
Šumar, D., Ćeleš, N., & Mededović, B. (2022). Relations Between Motor Abilities And Basketball Skills Of 13-14 Year Old Students. Sportske Nauke i Zdravlje, 12(2). https://doi.org/10.7251/SSH2202189S
Suryadi, D., Nasrulloh, A., Yanti, N., Ramli, R., Fauzan, L. A., Kushartanti, B. W., Sumaryanti, S., Suhartini, B., Budayati, E. S., Arovah, N. I., Mashud, M., Suganda, M. A., Sumaryanto, S., Sutapa, P., Abdullah, N. M. bin, & Fauziah, E. (2024). Stimulation of motor skills through game models in early childhood and elementary school students: systematic review in Indonesia. Retos, 51, 1255–1261. https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v51.101743
Suryadi, D., Suganda, M. A., Sacko, M., Samodra, Y. T. J., Rubiyatno, R., Supriatna, E., Wati, I. D. P., & Okilanda, A. (2023). Comparative Analysis of Soccer and Futsal Extracurriculars: A Survey Study of Physical Fitness Profiles. Physical Education and Sports: Studies and Research, 2(1), 59–71. https://doi.org/10.56003/pessr.v2i1.182
Syväoja, H. J., Kankaanpää, A., Hakonen, H., Inkinen, V., Kulmala, J., Joensuu, L., Räsänen, P., Hillman, C. H., & Tammelin, T. H. (2021). How physical activity, fitness, and motor skills contribute to math performance: Working memory as a mediating factor. Scandinavian Journal of Medicine and Science in Sports, 31(12), 2310–2321. https://doi.org/10.1111/sms.14049
Tantri, A., Aprial, B., Mashud, M., Kristyandaru, A., Basuki, S., Samodra, Y. T. J., Warni, H., Arifin, S., Wati, I. D. P., Thamrin, L., & Suryadi, D. (2023). Modification of interactive multimedia with the ARA MODEL: study of development of football learning models in pandemic times. Retos, 50, 1289–1298. https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v50.100587
Ulfah, A. A., Dimyati, D., & Putra, A. J. A. (2021). Analisis Penerapan Senam Irama dalam Meningkatkan Kemampuan Motorik Kasar Anak Usia Dini. Jurnal Obsesi : Jurnal Pendidikan Anak Usia Dini. https://doi.org/10.31004/obsesi.v5i2.993
Umar, U., Okilanda, A., Suganda, M. A., Mardesia, P., Suryadi, D., Wahyuni, D., Widyastuti, S. R., Samodra, Y. T. J., & Kurniawan, F. (2023). Blended learning and online learning with project-based learning: Do they affect cognition and psycho-motor learning achievement in physical conditions? Retos, 50(556–565). https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v50.99965
Valentini, N. C., Nobre, G. C., & Duarte, M. G. (2022). Gross motor skills trajectory variation between WEIRD and LMIC countries: A cross-cultural study. PLoS ONE, 17(5 May). https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0267665
Wagner, M. O., Haibach, P. S., & Lieberman, L. J. (2013). Gross motor skill performance in children with and without visual impairments-Research to practice. Research in Developmental Disabilities, 34(10), 3246–3252. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ridd.2013.06.030
Descargas
Publicado
Cómo citar
Número
Sección
Licencia
Derechos de autor 2024 Retos
Esta obra está bajo una licencia internacional Creative Commons Atribución-NoComercial-SinDerivadas 4.0.
Los autores que publican en esta revista están de acuerdo con los siguientes términos:
- Los autores conservan los derechos de autor y garantizan a la revista el derecho de ser la primera publicación de su obra, el cuál estará simultáneamente sujeto a la licencia de reconocimiento de Creative Commons que permite a terceros compartir la obra siempre que se indique su autor y su primera publicación esta revista.
- Los autores pueden establecer por separado acuerdos adicionales para la distribución no exclusiva de la versión de la obra publicada en la revista (por ejemplo, situarlo en un repositorio institucional o publicarlo en un libro), con un reconocimiento de su publicación inicial en esta revista.
- Se permite y se anima a los autores a difundir sus trabajos electrónicamente (por ejemplo, en repositorios institucionales o en su propio sitio web) antes y durante el proceso de envío, ya que puede dar lugar a intercambios productivos, así como a una citación más temprana y mayor de los trabajos publicados (Véase The Effect of Open Access) (en inglés).
Esta revista sigue la "open access policy" de BOAI (1), apoyando los derechos de los usuarios a "leer, descargar, copiar, distribuir, imprimir, buscar o enlazar los textos completos de los artículos".
(1) http://legacy.earlham.edu/~peters/fos/boaifaq.htm#openaccess
