Analysis of coach intervention based on small-sided games
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v61.106161Keywords:
Soccer, Performance analysis, Intervention, Small sided gameAbstract
The aim of the present study was to analyze the pedagogical intervention of coaches in different small-sided games. The study involved 2 coaches (A and B) and 20 players divided into two categories (Under 13 and Under 17). Each coach created a training task based on a game (Game 1) and conducted an intervention (Game 2) with the objective of emphasizing progression toward the goal. The players' performance was analyzed using the Offensive Sequence Characterization System (SCSO) and the Offensive Sequence Classification. The coaches' behavior was analyzed using the Coach Analysis and Intervention System (CAIS). For the statistical analysis, the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test was used to assess normality, and variables were presented through descriptive statistics (mean, standard deviation, absolute frequency, and percentage). The Mann-Whitney test was applied to compare the games, and the Chi-square test was used to compare offensive sequences. Among the results obtained, Coach A’s Game 2 fostered more collective attacks related to ball possession, while Coach B’s Game 2 favored a style of play closer to progression. The most frequently used verbal behavior by Coach A was instruction, while for Coach B, it was feedback. Therefore, we conclude that Coach A’s intervention was not effective, as it emphasized a different objective (possession), whereas Coach B’s intervention achieved the proposed objective (progression).
Keywords: Soccer; Performance analysis; Intervention; Small sided game
References
Agustí, D., Ballester, R., Juan-Blay, J., Taylor, W., & Huertas, F. (2020). The Academic Background of Youth Soccer Coaches Modulates Their Behavior During Training. Frontiers in Psychology, 11, 2535.
Almeida, C. (2019). Comparison of successful offensive sequences in the group stage of 2018 FIFA World Cup: eliminated vs. qualified teams. Science and Medicine in Football, 3(3), 238–244. https://doi.org/10.1080/24733938.2019.1613557
Anon, I., Scaglia, A., Machado, J., & Lopes, M. (2024). A demanda presente no jogo é igual para todas as equipes? Análise da Bundesliga temporada 2021-22. Retos:Nuevas Tendencias em Educación Física, Deporte y Recreación, 51, 275–284.
Aquino, R., Machado, J., Clemente, F., Praça, G., Gonçalves, L., Melli-Neto, B., Ferrari, J., Vieira, L., Puggina, E., & Carling, C. (2019). Comparisons of ball possession, match running performance, player prominence and team network properties according to match outcome and playing formation during the 2018 FIFA World Cup. International Journal of Performance Analysis in Sport, 19(6), 1026–1037. https://doi.org/10.1080/24748668.2019.1689753
Araújo, D., Brito, H., & Carrilho, D. (2023). Team decision-making behavior: An ecological dynamics approach. Asian Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology, 3(1), 24–29. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajsep.2022.09.005
Brasil, Conselho Nacional de Saúde (2012). Resolução no 466, de 12 de dezembro de 2012. Disponível em: https://www.gov.br/conselho-nacional-de-saude/pt-br. Acesso em 08 set. 2024.
Cicchetti, D. (1994). Guidelines, Criteria, and Rules of Thumb for Evaluating Normed and Standardized Assessment Instruments in Psychology. Psychological Assessment, 6(4), 284–290.
Clemente, F., Praça, G., Aquino, R., Castillo, D., Raya-González, J., Rico-González, M., Afonso, J., Sarmento, H., Silva, A., Silva, R., & Ramirez-Campillo, R. (2023). Effects of pitch size on soccer players’ physiological, physical, technical, and tactical responses during small-sided games: a meta-analytical comparison. In Biology of Sport, 40(1), 111-147 https://doi.org/10.5114/biolsport.2023.110748
Clemente, F., & Sarmento, H. (2020). The effects of small-sided soccer games on technical actions and skills: A systematic review. Human Movement, 21(3), 100–119.
Cohen, J. (1988). Statistical Power Analysis for the Behavioral Sciences. Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.
Cushion, C., Harvey, S., Muir, B., & Nelson, L. (2012). Developing the coach analysis and intervention system (CAIS): Establishing validity and reliability of a computerised systematic observation instrument. Journal of Sports Sciences, 30(2), 201–216. https://doi.org/10.1080/02640414.2011.635310
Duarte, R., Araujo, D., Gazimba, V., Fernandes, O., Folgado, H., Marmeleira, J., & Davids, K. (2010). The Ecological Dynamics of 1v1 Sub-Phases in Association Football. The Open Sports Sciences Journal, 3, 16–18.
Ford, P., Yates, I., & Williams, A. (2010). An analysis of practice activities and instructional behaviours used by youth soccer coaches during practice: Exploring the link between science and application. Journal of Sports Sciences, 28(5), 483–495.
Garganta, J., Guilherme, J., Barreira, D., Brito, J., & Rebelo, A. (2013). Fundamentos e práticas para o ensino e treino do futebol. In: Jogos Desportivos Coletivos. Ensinar a jogar (pp. 199–263).
Goes, A., Lima, J., Machado, J., & Scaglia, A. (2022). Aplicando a Pedagogia do jogo: reflexões sobre a intervenção do(a) treinador(a). In P. . BORGES, A. TEIXEIRA, J. . SILVA, & M. . SAAD (Eds.), Concepções transdisciplinares sobre a organização ofensiva do jogo de futebol (1st ed., pp. 81–100). Educs.
Hammami, M., Guerchi, M., Selmi, O., Sehli, F., Ghouili, H., Stângaciu, O., Marinău, M., Galeru, O., & Alexe, D. (2023). Effect of Verbal Encouragement on Physical Fitness, Technical Skill and Physiological Response during Small-Sided Soccer Games. Sustainability (Switzerland), 15(4). https://doi.org/10.3390/su15043624
Jones, S., & Drust, B. (2007). Physiological and technical demands of 4 v 4 and 8 v 8 games in elite youth soccer players. Kinesiology, 39(2), 150–156.
Machado, J., Alcântara, C., Palheta, C., Santos, J., Barreira, D., & Scaglia, A. (2016). The influence of rules manipulation on offensive patterns during small-sided and conditioned games in football. Motriz: Revista de Educação Física, 22(4), 290–298.
Machado, J., Barreira, D., Teoldo, I., Serra-Olivares, J., Goes, A., & Scaglia, A. (2020). Tactical Behaviour of Youth Soccer Players: Differences Depending on Task Constraint Modification, Age and Skill Level. Journal of Human Kinetics, 75, 225–238. https://doi.org/10.2478/hukin-2020-0051
Machado, J., Ribeiro, J., Palheta, C., Alcântara, C., Barreira, D., Guilherme, J., Garganta, J., & Scaglia, A. (2019). Changing rules and configurations during soccer small-sided and conditioned games. How does it impact teams’ tactical behavior? Frontiers in Psychology, 10, 1–13.
Martín-Moya, R. (2022). Periodización táctica y metodología de enseñanza-entrenamiento-aprendizaje en fútbol. Modelo de Juego. Retos: Nuevas Tendencias em Educación Física, Deporte y Recreación, 45, 693–703. https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v45i0.92675
Otte, F., Davids, K., Millar, S., & Klatt, S. (2021). Understanding How Athletes Learn: Integrating Skill Training Concepts, Theory and Practice from an Ecological Perspective. Applied Coaching Research Journal, 7, 22–32.
Petiot, G., Aquino, R., Silva, D., Barreira, D., & Raab, M. (2021). Contrasting Learning Psychology Theories Applied to the Teaching-Learning-Training Process of Tactics in Soccer. Frontiers in Psychology, 12, 637085.
Pol, R., Balagué, N., Ric, A., Torrents, C., Kiely, J., & Hristovski, R. (2020). Training or Synergizing? Complex Systems Principles Change the Understanding of Sport Processes. Sports Medicine - Open, 6, 28, 6-28.
Praça, G., Andrade, A., Bredt, S., Moura, F., & Moreira, P. (2021). Progression to the target vs. regular rules in Soccer small-sided Games. Science and Medicine in Football, 66–71.
Sanfiz Arias, H., & López Alonso, V. (2024). Influencia de las variables situacionales en los cambios de dirección de la posesión de balón en fútbol. Retos: Nuevas Tendencias em Educación Física, Deporte y Recreación, 53, 233–241. https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v53.101859
Santos, F., Domingos, F., Cruz, G., Alves, R., Ferreira, C., Figueiredo, T., & Espada, M. (2022). Performance analysis of professional U-23 portuguese players in small-sided games. Retos: Nuevas Tendencias em Educación Física, Deporte y Recreación, 46, 1056–1064. https://login.libproxy.abertay.ac.uk/login?url=https://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=s3h&AN=164234881&site=ehost-live
Santos, S., Mateus, N., Sampaio, J., & Leite, N. (2016). Do previous sports experiences influence the effect of an enrichment programme in basketball skills? Journal of Sports Sciences, 35(17), 1759–1767. https://doi.org/10.1080/02640414.2016.1236206
Sarmento, H., Clemente, F., Harper, L., Costa, I., Owen, A., & Figueiredo, A. (2018). Small sided games in soccer–a systematic review. International Journal of Performance Analysis in Sport, 18(5), 693–749. https://doi.org/10.1080/24748668.2018.1517288
Scaglia, A. (2017). Pedagogia do Jogo: O processo organizacional dos Jogos Esportivos Coletivos enquanto modelo metodológico para o ensino. Revista Portuguesa de Ciências do Desporto, 17, 27–38.
Scaglia, A., Costa, V., Lima, J., Misuta, M., & Machado, J. (2021). Possibilidades e potencialidades técnico-táticas em diferentes tradicionais jogos/brincadeiras de bola com os pés. Retos: Nuevas Tendencias em Educación Física, Deporte y Recreación, 39, 312–317. https://dialnet.unirioja.es/servlet/articulo?codigo=7595364
Teoldo, I., Guilherme, J., & Garganta, J. (2015). Para um futebol jogado com ideias: concepção, treinamento e avaliação do desempenho tático de jogadores e equipes. Curitiba: Appris.
Torrents, C., Ric, A., Hristovski, R., Torres-Ronda, L., Vicente, E., & Sampaio, J. (2016). Emergence of exploratory, technical and tactical behavior in small-sided soccer games when manipulating the number of teammates and opponents. PLoS ONE, 11(12), 1-15. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0168866
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2024 Retos
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:
- Authors retain copyright and ensure the magazine the right to be the first publication of the work as licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgment of authorship of the work and the initial publication in this magazine.
- Authors can establish separate additional agreements for non-exclusive distribution of the version of the work published in the journal (eg, to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgment of its initial publication in this journal.
- Is allowed and authors are encouraged to disseminate their work electronically (eg, in institutional repositories or on their own website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as to a subpoena more Early and more of published work (See The Effect of Open Access) (in English).
This journal provides immediate open access to its content (BOAI, http://legacy.earlham.edu/~peters/fos/boaifaq.htm#openaccess) on the principle that making research freely available to the public supports a greater global exchange of knowledge. The authors may download the papers from the journal website, or will be provided with the PDF version of the article via e-mail.