Efectos del entrenamiento pliométrico sobre la velocidad de desplazamiento, fuerza resistencia y explosiva en mujeres mayores sedentarias (Effects of pliometric trainning on speed movement, resistance and explosive strenght in sedentary elderly women)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v47.95695Palabras clave:
educación, Entrenamiento fisico, fuerza muscular, anciano, frágil, capacidad funcionalResumen
La mejora de la fuerza de las extremidades inferiores tiene implicancias significativas en la funcionalidad de las personas mayores. El objetivo del estudio fue evidenciar el efecto del entrenamiento pliométrico (EP) sobre los parámetros de velocidad de desplazamiento, fuerza resistencia y explosiva en mujeres mayores sedentarias. 30 mujeres entre 60-75 años fueron intervenidas en un programa de 4 semanas, 3 veces por semana divididas en Grupo Experimental (GE) y Grupo Control (GC). Fueron evaluadas pre y post intervención con el test velocidad en 10 metros, potencia mediante la prueba CMJ y la evaluación del Test 30s CST. Se analizaron las variables mediante la prueba estadística U de Mann-Whitney. Resultados: El EP mejoró en forma significativa la velocidad de desplazamiento (p<0,0001) y potencia muscular (p<0,0001), fuerza resistencia y explosiva no se encontraron diferencias significativas. Se concluye que cuatro semanas de EP es una estrategia eficaz para mejorar la velocidad de desplazamiento en mujeres mayores sedentarias.
Palabras clave: educación y entrenamiento físico, rendimiento físico funcional, fuerza muscular, anciano frágil, capacidad Funcional.
Abstract. The improvement of lower extremity strength has significant implications in the functionality of the elderly. The aim of the study was to demonstrate the effect of plyometric training (PT) on the variables gait speed, strength and explosive power in sedentary elderly women. 30 women between 60-75 years old were intervened in a 4-week program, 3 times per week divided into Experimental Group (EG) and Control Group (CG). They were evaluated pre- and post-intervention with the 10-meter speed test, power using the CMJ test and the evaluation of the 30s CST test. The variables were analyzed using the Mann-Whitney U statistical test. Results: The PE significantly improved displacement speed (p<0.0001) and muscular power (p<0.0001), endurance and explosive strength were not found to be significantly different. It is concluded that four weeks of PE is an effective strategy to improve running speed in sedentary older women.
Keywords: education and physical training, functional physical performance, muscle strength, frail elderly, Functional capacity.
Citas
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