Optimización de las estrategias de recuperación de los atletas: análisis de métodos de masaje para determinar el mejor enfoque después del entrenamiento en intervalos de alta intensidad (Optimization of Athlete Recovery Strategies: Analysis of Massage Methods To Determine The Best Approach After High-Intensity Interval Training)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v57.103963Palabras clave:
Recovery strategy, massage method, blood lactate, heart rate recoveryResumen
Este estudio tiene como objetivo optimizar la recuperación después del ejercicio agudo utilizando un método de intervalos de alta intensidad que implica la estrategia de proporcionar masajes a los atletas. La frecuencia cardíaca en ejercicio (FC Ex), la tasa de recuperación cardíaca (FCR) y los niveles de lactato en sangre se utilizan como parámetros de fatiga fisiológica debida al ejercicio físico. En esta investigación participaron 24 muestras; se dividieron en 3 grupos, a saber, el grupo durante y después del masaje (DPM), el grupo después del masaje (PM) y el grupo de control, a saber, recuperación pasiva (PR). Cada grupo consta de 8 muestras; todas las muestras realizarán ejercicio agudo de alta intensidad mediante el método Tabata durante 4 sesiones. Se realiza 1 sesión de entrenamiento de 4 minutos y el resto de cada sesión es de 4 minutos. En el análisis de datos se utilizaron análisis descriptivos, pruebas t de muestras pareadas y ANOVA de dos factores. Los resultados de este estudio fueron que todos los datos sobre indicadores de fatiga estaban distribuidos normalmente (p ≥ 0,05) y homogéneos (p ≤ 0,05), y hubo diferencias en las concentraciones de lactato en cada momento de la toma de los niveles de lactato en cada grupo (p ≤ 0,05). . Se indicó que los niveles promedio de lactato en sangre de los tres grupos eran significativamente diferentes después de que finalizó el programa de entrenamiento para el grupo DPM (10,30 ± 1,78 mmol/L), PM (12,9 ± 2,05 mmol/L) y PR (13,62 ± 2,87 mmol). /L). Esta investigación concluyó que dar masajes tiene un mejor efecto que la recuperación pasiva en la recuperación tanto en términos de frecuencia cardíaca como de niveles de lactato. Una estrategia de recuperación mediante masajes es la mejor estrategia para controlar los niveles de lactato en sangre, aunque los entrenadores deben comprender que dar un masaje durante los descansos del entrenamiento y después de finalizar el programa de entrenamiento da una respuesta diferente a los niveles de lactato una vez finalizado el entrenamiento.
Palabras clave: estrategia de recuperación, método de masaje, lactato sanguíneo, recuperación de la frecuencia cardíaca.
Abstract. This study aims to optimize recovery after acute exercise using a high-intensity interval method involving the strategy of providing massage to athletes. Exercise heart rate (HR Ex), heart recovery rate (HRR), and blood lactate levels are used as parameters of physiological fatigue due to physical exercise. 24 samples participated in this research; they were divided into 3 groups, namely the during and post-massage group (DPM), the post-massage group (PM), and the control group, namely passive recovery (PR). Each group consists of 8 samples; all samples will carry out high-intensity acute exercise using the Tabata method for 4 sessions. 1 training session is carried out for 4 minutes, and the rest for each session is 4 minutes. Descriptive analysis, paired sample t-tests, and two-way ANOVA were used in data analysis. The results of this study were that all data on fatigue indicators were normally distributed (p ≥ 0.05) and homogeneous (p ≤ 0.05), and there were differences in lactate concentrations at each time taking the lactate levels in each group (p ≤ 0.05). The average blood lactate levels of the three groups were stated to be significantly different after the training program ended for the DPM group (10.30±1.78 mmol/L), PM (12.9±2.05 mmol/L), and PR (13.62±2.87 mmol/L). This research concluded that giving massage has a better effect than passive recovery on recovery in terms of both heart rate and lactate levels. A recovery strategy using massage is the best strategy for managing blood lactate levels, although trainers must understand that giving a massage during training breaks and after the training program ends gives a different response to lactate levels after training ends.
Keywords: Recovery strategy, massage method, blood lactate, heart rate recovery
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