La cinta de correr tiene un efecto más beneficioso que el ciclismo en la pérdida de grasa mediante la secreción de miocinas en mujeres obesas (Treadmill has a more beneficial effect than cycling on fat loss through myokines secretion in obese women)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v55.103483Palabras clave:
Aerobic exercise, interleukin 6, irisin, obesity, metabolismResumen
La obesidad es una condición caracterizada por la acumulación excesiva de grasa corporal más allá de los límites normales. La irisina y la IL-6 son mioquinas que tienen la función de convertir el tejido adiposo blanco en tejido adiposo marrón, lo que resulta en una termogénesis que induce el gasto de energía y tiene implicaciones para reducir la acumulación excesiva de grasa. Este estudio tiene como objetivo demostrar la respuesta del ejercicio en cinta rodante y bicicleta ergonómica de intensidad moderada sobre la pérdida de grasa y el aumento de la secreción de mioquinas en mujeres adolescentes obesas. Un total de 30 mujeres obesas cumplieron los criterios con un índice de masa corporal (IMC) de 30,02 ± 2,97 kg/m2 y una edad de 21,27 ± 1,31 años. Fueron reclutadas para el estudio y se les administró una única sesión de ejercicio aeróbico en bicicleta ergométrica (AEEG) y ejercicio aeróbico en cinta rodante. (ATEG) durante 45 min. Medición de miocinas, es decir, irisina e IL-6, mediante un ensayo de inmunoabsorción ligado a enzimas (ELISA) en todas las muestras. El análisis estadístico se realizó mediante una prueba ANOVA unidireccional y la prueba post hoc HSD de Tukey con significancia al nivel del 5%. Los resultados mostraron que los niveles promedio de irisina post-ejercicio fueron 72,82±42,96 ng/mL en CTLG, 282,50±75,96 ng/mL en AEEG, 488,14±61,30 ng/mL en ATEG y p = 0,000. Los niveles promedio de IL-6 post-ejercicio fueron 51,09±15,68 pg/mL en CTLG, 58,94±3,62 pg/mL en AEEG, 129,29±52,65 pg/mL en ATEG y p = 0,000. Los ∆ FAT promedio fueron -0,02 ± 0,34 % en CTLG, -0,35 ± 0,19 % en AEEG, -0,46 ± 0,18 pg/mL en ATEG y p = 0,002. Ambas intervenciones de ejercicio aumentaron consistentemente los niveles de irisina, mientras que se encontró que los niveles de IL-6 aumentaron solo con el ejercicio aeróbico en cinta rodante. Del mismo modo, la grasa corporal solo disminuyó después de una sesión de ejercicio aeróbico en cinta rodante en comparación con el ejercicio aeróbico en bicicleta ergonómica.
Palabras clave: Ejercicio aeróbico, interleucina 6, irisina, obesidad, metabolismo
Abstract. Obesity is a condition characterized by the excessive accumulation of body fat beyond normal limits. Irisin and IL-6 are myokines that have a function to convert white adipose tissue into brown adipose tissue, resulting in thermogenesis that induces energy expenditure and has implications for reducing excess fat accumulation. This study aims to demonstrate the response of moderate-intensity treadmill and ergo cycle exercise on fat loss and increasing myokines secretion in obese adolescent females. A total of 30 obese women met the criteria with body mass index (BMI) of 30.02±2.97 kg/m2, age 21.27±1.31 years were recruited into the study and given single session of aerobic ergo cycle exercise (AEEG) and aerobic treadmill exercise (ATEG) during 45 min. Measurement of myokines, i.e., irisin and IL-6, using Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) on all samples. Statistical analysis was performed using a one-way ANOVA test and Tukey's HSD post hoc test with significance at the 5% level. The results showed that the average levels of irisin post-exercise were 72.82±42.96 ng/mL at CTLG, 282.50±75.96 ng/mL at AEEG, 488.14±61.30 ng/mL at ATEG, and p = 0.000. Average levels of IL-6 post-exercise were 51.09±15.68 pg/mL at CTLG, 58.94±3.62 pg/mL at AEEG, 129.29±52.65 pg/mL at ATEG, and p = 0.000. Average ∆ FAT were -0.02±0.34 % at CTLG, -0.35±0.19 % at AEEG, -0.46±0.18 pg/mL at ATEG, and p = 0.002. Both intervention of exercise consistently increased irisin levels, while IL-6 levels were found to increase only with aerobic treadmill exercise. Likewise, body fat only decreased after one session of treadmill aerobic exercise compared to ergo cycle aerobic exercise.
Keywords: Aerobic exercise, interleukin 6, irisin, obesity, metabolism
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