Trabajar con hijos de familias drogodependientes: la intervención de grupo TRAMPOLINE radicada en la comunidad

Sonja Bröning; Diana Moesgen; Michael Klein; Rainer Thomasius

doi:10.7179/PSRI_2013.21.04

Autores

Sonja Bröning Centro Médico Universitario Hamburg-Eppendorf
Diana Moesgen Universidad Católica De Ciencias Aplicadas, Nordrhein-Westfalen
Michael Klein Universidad Católica De Ciencias Aplicadas, Nordrhein-Westfalen
Rainer Thomasius Centro Médico Universitario Hamburg-Eppendorf

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.7179/PSRI_2013.21.04

Palavras-chave:

Crianças provenientes famílias afetadas pelo abuso de substâncias, programa de prevenção, capacidade de recuperação, abuso de substâncias parental, programa de grupo.

Resumo

Introdução: Crianças de famílias afetadas pelo abuso de substâncias demonstram um risco elevado de desenvolver os seus transtornos mentais próprios ou causados pelo abuso de substâncias. Estas crianças experiência freqüentemente situações de violência, abuso e negligência familiar. Assim, são um importante grupo alvo para efeitos de prevenção. Na Alemanha, estima-se que cerca de 2,65 milhões de crianças são afetadas por dependência ou abuso de substâncias tóxicas por parte dos pais. Apenas dez por cento dessas crianças recebem tratamento quando os pais são tratados. Até à data, não existe na Alemanha qualquer programa avaliado para crianças provenientes de famílias afetadas pelo abuso de substâncias estupefacientes. Métodos: Foi criado um novo grupo de intervenção para crianças provenientes de famílias afetadas pelo abuso de substâncias estupefacientes, estando atualmente a ser avaliados num estudo controlado aleatório multicêntrico fundado pelo Ministério de Educação da Alemanha. O processo de criação foi simultaneamente orientado pela teoria, conhecimento existente de pesquisas e opiniões de eretos. Promoção de capacidade de recuperação nas crianças afetadas por pais que abusam de substâncias é o principal objetivo do programa. Resultados: O manual do TRAMPOLINE descreve um programa de grupo modular de 9 sessões com base em dependência de estupefacientes direcionado para crianças dos 8 aos 12 anos, que tenham pelo menos um pai que abusa de substâncias estupefacientes. As sessões semanais têm duração de 90 minutos combinam elementos pisco - educacionais com exercícios e representação de papéis. O programa inclui também duas sessões de intervenção parental. O manual também descreve o conteúdo, estrutura e base teórica da intervenção. Discussão: TRAMPOLINE é um novo esforço de intervenção para crianças provenientes de famílias afetadas pelo abuso de substâncias. Tem base teórica e prática. Os resultados do estudo fornecem a informação fundamental sobre a efetividade de um grupo estruturado de programa de intervenção para crianças alemãs provenientes de famílias afetadas pelo abuso de substâncias. O estudo contribui deste modo, para a criação de um sistema mais abrangente e mais eficiente de ajuda preventiva para este grupo alvo de elevado risco.

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