The experience of caring for people with eating disorders: a qualitative study of nurses’ perspectives
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.23938/ASSN.0937Keywords:
Feeding and eating disorders, Nursing care, Mental health, Psychiatric nursing, HermeneuticsAbstract
Background. Eating disorders (ED) are an increasingly prevalent problem with serious consequences for different spheres of life. This study aims to analyze nurses’ perspectives and experiences of the care provided to people diagnosed with an ED.
Methods. Hermeneutical phenomenological qualitative study. Nineteen nurses from Alcalá de Henares (Madrid) collaborated in the research sharing their experience through interviews and stories, which were recorded, transcribed and analyzed thematically.
Results. Three issues were obtained: a fight between the heart and mind, conscious reflection: the body says what the head keeps silent and learning how to care holistically. Nurses experience a struggle with their feelings of transference / countertransference when caring for patients. They set out to combine skills acquired from their experience with new research, without losing sight of the individual and the factors involved (family, society and work), which are key to understand the patient’s experience and recovery.
Conclusions. Nurses need more specialization, ongoing training, coordination and teamwork with other professionals to provide people with holistic care. Gender perspectives should be taken into account to enable care to be adapted to the needs of men and women. This study takes an in-depth look at the care relationship between nurse and patient, to obtain a hitherto unknown perspective of care, which makes it possible to expand knowledge and individualize the care provided.
Downloads
References
Behar R. La construcción cultural del cuerpo: el paradigma de los trastornos de la conducta alimentaria. Rev Chil Neuro-psiquiatr. 2010; 48(4): 319-334.
Portela de Santana ML, Da Costa Ribeiro J, Mora Giral M, Raich RM. La epidemiología y los factores de riesgo de los trastornos alimentarios en la adolescencia; una revisión. Nutr. Hosp. 2012; 27 (2): 391-401.
Katsounari I, Andreou S. Perspectives of professionals on the treatment and service delivery of eating disorders in cyprus. Eur J Couns Psychol. 2020;8(1):78–92.
Gracia-Arnaiz M. Comer o no comer ¿es esa la cuestión?: una aproximación antropológica al estudio de los trastornos alimentarios. POSO. 2014; 51 (1): 73-94.
Cortez D, Gallegos M, Jiménez T, Martínez P, Saravia S, Cruzat-Mandich C et al. Influencia de factores socioculturales en la imagen corporal desde la perspectiva de mujeres adolescentes. Rev Mex de trastor aliment. 2016; 7(2): 116-124.
Xolocotzi A, Gibu R. Fenomenología del cuerpo y hermenéutica de la corporalidad. 1ª ed. Madrid: Plaza y Valdés; 2014.
Cruzat C, Aspillaga C, Torres M, Rodríguez M, Díaz M, Haemmerli C. Significados y Vivencias Subjetivas Asociados a la Presencia de un Trastorno de la Conducta Alimentaria, desde la Perspectiva de Mujeres que lo Padecen. Psykhe. 2010; 19(1): 3- 17.
Orkaizagirre Gómara A. Visibilizando los cuidados enfermeros a través de la Relación de Cuidado. Index Enferm. 2013; 22(3): 124-6.
Moreno Poyato AR, Tolosa Merlos D. Reflexiones sobre la relación terapéutica y su práctica asistencial en Enfermería de Salud Mental. Rol Enferm. 2013; 36(12): 818-823.
Grael Berna M, Baztarrica Jarauta R. Perspectiva de género y trastornos de la conducta alimentaria. En: Grau Touriño A, Martínez Fernández J, Perote Alejandre A, Sánchez Povedano M. Controversias sobre los trastornos alimentarios. Madrid: Fundación Tomás Pascual y Pilar Gómez- Cuétara; 2011: 61-71.
Carvalho Martins CR, Vaccari Caccavo P. Enfermeriros e clientela com bulimia e anorexia: estudo de caso. Rev Bras Enferm. 2012: 65 (3): 495-500.
Heidegger M. Ser y tiempo. 2ª ed. Madrid: Trotta; 2012.
Flick U. Introducción a la investigación cualitativa. 2ª ed. Madrid: Morata. 2012.
Vargas Jiménez I. La entrevista en la investigación cualitativa: nuevas tendencias y retos. Revista CAES. 2012; 3(1): 119-139.
Morse J, Richards L. Read me first for a user’s guide to qualitative methods. 3ª ed. Londres: SAGE; 2012.
Larkin M, Shaw R, Flowers P. Multiperspectival designs and processes in interpretative phenomenological analysis research. Qual Res Psychol. 2019; 16(2): 182-198.
Johns G, Taylor B, John A, Tan J. Current eating disorder healthcare services - the perspectives and experiences of individuals with eating disorders, their families and health professionals: systematic review and thematic synthesis. BJPsych Open. 2019;5(4):e59.
Paulson-Karlsson G, Nevonen L. Anorexia nervosa: treatment expectations - a qualitative study. J Multidiscip Healthc. 2012; 5: 169-77.
Zugai J, Stein-Parbury J, Roche M. Effective nursing care of adolescents with anorexia nervosa: a consumer perspective. J Clin Nurs. 2013; 22: 2020-29.
Cruzat C, Aspillaga C, Behar R, Espejo C, Gana C. Facilitadores de la alianza terapéutica en la anorexia nerviosa: Una mirada desde la diada terapeuta-paciente. Rev Chil Neuro-Psiquiatr. 2013; 51(3): 175-83
Wright KM. Therapeutic relationship: developing a new understanding for nurses and care workers within an eating disorder unit. Int J Ment health Nurs. 2010; 19: 154- 61.
Zugai J, Stein-Parbury J, Roche M. The nature of the therapeutic alliance between nurses and consumers with Anorexia Nervosa in the impatient setting: a mixed- methods study. J Clin Nurs. 2017; 1-11.
Wright KM, Hacking S. An angel on my shoulder: A study of relationships between women with anorexia nervosa and healthcare professionals. J Psychiatr Ment Health Nurs. 2012; 19: 107-15.
Sánchez Rueda G. Las emociones en la práctica enfermera [tesis doctoral]. Barcelona: Universidad Autónoma de Barcelona; 2013.
Reid M, Williams S, Burr J. Perspectives on eating disorders and service provision: A qualitative study of healthcare professionals. Eur Eat Disord Rev. 2010;18(5):390–8.
Sibeoni J, Orri M, Colin S, Valentin M, Pradère J, Revah-Levy A. The lived experience of Anorexia Nervosa in adolescence, comparison of the points of view of adolescents, parents and professionals: a metasynthesis. Int J Nurs Stud. 2017; 65(1): 25-34.
Bezance J, Holliday J. Adolescents with anorexia nervosa have their say: a review of qualitative studies on treatment and recovery from anorexia nervosa. Eur Eat Disord Rev. 2013;21(5):352-360.
Rutsztein G, Scappatura ML, Murawski B. Perfeccionismo y baja autoestima a través del continuo de los trastornos alimentarios en adolescentes mujeres de Buenos Aires. Rev Mex Trastor Aliment. 2014; 5(1): 39-49.
Labora González JJ. La evolución de la percepción social de los Trastornos de la Conducta Alimentaria, y de la imagen, de los trabajadores sociales y su influencia en la práctica profesional. Imagonautas. 2016; 8: 27-49.
Bedoya Gallego DM, Buitrago Duque DC, Restrepo Restrepo MV, Vanegas Arbeláez A. Salud mental: de un ejercicio conceptual a un modelo de formación. 1ªed. Bogotá: UNIMINUTO; 2020.
Errasti-Ibarrondo B, Arantzamendi-Solabarrieta M, Canga-Armayor N. La imagen social de la enfermería: Una profesión a conocer. An Sist Sanit Navar. 2012; 35(2): 269-83.
Levine MP. Prevention of eating disorders: 2019 in review. Eat Disord. 2020; 28:1, 6-20.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2021 Anales del Sistema Sanitario de Navarra
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
La revista Anales del Sistema Sanitario de Navarra es publicada por el Departamento de Salud del Gobierno de Navarra (España), quien conserva los derechos patrimoniales (copyright ) sobre el artículo publicado y favorece y permite la difusión del mismo bajo licencia Creative Commons Reconocimiento-CompartirIgual 4.0 Internacional (CC BY-SA 4.0). Esta licencia permite copiar, usar, difundir, transmitir y exponer públicamente el artículo, siempre que siempre que se cite la autoría y la publicación inicial en Anales del Sistema Sanitario de Navarra, y se distinga la existencia de esta licencia de uso.
