Estudio psicométrico del Psychiatric Diagnostic Screening Questionnaire (PDSQ) y determinantes de psicopatología en dos centros ambulatorios de Navarra (España)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.23938/ASSN.1043Palabras clave:
PDSQ, cuestionario, estudio psicométrico, determinantes, trastorno mentalResumen
Fundamento. El PDSQ (Psychiatric Diagnostic Screening Questionnaire) es un cuestionario autoadministrado para el cribado de diagnósticos psiquiátricos del eje I. El objetivo es estudiar sus propiedades psicométricas en pacientes ambulatorios españoles y analizar su relación con dos entrevistas (de psicopatología y de trastornos de personalidad), y con variables clínicas y demográficas.
Material y métodos. Se administraron los instrumentos PDSQ, MINI-Plus, SAPAS, y LTE-Q a 375 pacientes en dos centros ambulatorios públicos. Se estudió la fiabilidad del PDSQ (α de Cronbach). La validez de grupos-conocidos se analizó comparando sub-grupos organizados por variables demográficas y clínicas (regresión logística binaria) y por diagnósticos MINI Plus (U de Mann-Whitney). Se estudió el desempeño diagnóstico del PDSQ considerando los diagnósticos MINI Plus como gold standard (análisis ROC).
Resultados. La consistencia interna del PDSQ fue adecuada en todas las escalas (α >0,7; media=0,85). Las comparaciones entre grupos-conocidos fueron satisfactorias. Mujeres y hombres mostraron prevalencias mayores de trastornos internalizantes y externalizantes, respectivamente. Una menor edad, más sucesos vitales y limitaciones, puntuaciones mayores en SAPAS y niveles económicos más bajos se relacionaron con mayor número de diagnósticos PDSQ. Los grupos basados en los correspondientes diagnósticos MINI-Plus difirieron en todas las escalas del PDSQ. Los valores medios de sensibilidad, AUC y valor predictivo negativo fueron 88,7; 0,82 y 96,7, respectivamente.
Conclusiones. En su aplicación a pacientes españoles ambulatorios, el PDSQ muestra, propiedades psicométricas satisfactorias y relaciones adecuadas con entrevistas de psicopatología y personalidad, así como con variables clínicas y demográficas. El PDSQ es adecuado para evaluar comorbilidad y dimensiones de psicopatología.
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