Actividad física y comportamiento sedentario de estudiantes brasileños en relación con el número de lugares y equipamientos disponibles para la práctica (Physical activity and sedentary behavior of Brazilian schoolchildren related to the number of places and equipment available for practice)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v52.101526Palabras clave:
adolescentes, actividad física, comportamientos sedentarios, urbano, ruralResumen
Este estudio relacionó la práctica de actividad física (AF) y conductas sedentarias (CS) de escolares de áreas urbanas (AU) y rurales (AR) con la cantidad y disponibilidad de ubicaciones y equipos (UE) cercanos a la escuela. El nivel de AF y el tiempo en CS se obtuvieron a través de la Encuesta de Autoinforme de Impacto en el Vecindario en los Niños (NIK) y la información sobre UE a través de imágenes de Google Earth Pro, procesadas por el software QGIS versión 3.10.2. Participaron 1.431 estudiantes (769 de AU), de edades entre 12 y 17 años. Se utilizó la prueba de Chi-cuadrado, la prueba t de Student y modelos de regresión logística lineal y binaria para intervalos de confianza del 95% y significancia del 5%. Los resultados indican que en la AU un mayor número de UE se asoció con un mayor tiempo en AF en casi todas las intensidades, mayores posibilidades de cumplir con las recomendaciones de AF y mayores posibilidades de pasar >2h en casi todas las CS. En el AR, una mayor cantidad de UE se asoció con menos tiempo en AF en todas las intensidades, menores posibilidades de cumplir con las recomendaciones de AF y ninguna asociación con la CS. Los resultados demostraron que la disponibilidad de un mayor número UE parece contribuir a mejores indicadores de AF en la AU, peores indicadores de AF en la AR y mayor tiempo en CS en la AU.
Palabras clave: adolescentes; actividad física; conductas sedentarias; urbano; rural
Abstract. This study related the practice of physical activity (PA) and sedentary behaviors (SB) of schoolchildren in urban (UA) and rural (RA) areas with the quantity and availability of places and equipment for practice close to the school. PA level and time in SB were obtained through the Neighborhood Impact on Kids (NIK) Self-Report Survey and information about locations and equipment through Google Earth Pro images, processed by QGIS software version 3.10.2. 1,431 students (769 from UA), aged 12 to 17, participated. The Chi-square test, Student's t test and linear and binary logistic regression models were used for 95% confidence intervals and 5% significance. The results indicate that in the UA a greater number of places and equipment was associated with a longer time in PA at almost all intensities, greater chances of meeting WHO recommendations for practice and greater chances of spending >2h in almost all SB. In the RA, a greater number of locations and equipment was associated with less time in PA at all intensities, lower chances of meeting the recommendations for PA and no association with SB. The results demonstrated that the availability of a greater number of places and equipment seems to contribute to better PA indicators in the UA, worse PA indicators in the RA and increased time in SB in the UA.
Keywords: teenagers; physical activity; sedentary behaviors; urban; rural
Citas
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