Sarcopenia and Physical Activity Predict Falls in Older Adults from Amazonas, Brazil  (La sarcopenia y la actividad física predicen caídas en adultos mayores de Amazonas, Brasil): Sarcopenia and Physical Activity Predict Falls in Older Adults from Amazonas, Brazil

Kessketlen Alves Miranda; Élvio Rubio Gouveia; Bruna Gouveia; Adilson Marques; Pedro Campos; Antonieta Tinôco; Jefferson Jurema; Matthias Kliegel; Andreas Ihle

doi:10.47197/retos.v43i0.88526

Autores/as

Kessketlen Alves Miranda Department of Physical Education and Sport, University of Madeira, Funchal, Portugal. 2 Department of Physical Education and Sports, University of Amazonas State, Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil.
Élvio Rubio Gouveia Department of Physical Education and Sport, University of Madeira, Funchal, Portugal. LARSYS, Interactive Technologies Institute, Funchal, Portugal. 4 Center for the Interdisciplinary Study of Gerontology and Vulnerability, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0927-692X
Bruna Gouveia LARSYS, Interactive Technologies Institute, Funchal, Portugal. 4 Center for the Interdisciplinary Study of Gerontology and Vulnerability, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland 5 Secretary of Health of the Autonomous Region of Madeira, Funchal, Portugal 6Saint Joseph of Cluny Higher School of Nursing, Funchal, Portugal
Adilson Marques CIPER, Faculty of Human Kinetics, University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal 8 ISAMB, University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal
Pedro Campos LARSYS, Interactive Technologies Institute, Funchal, Portugal. Exact Sciences and Engineering Faculty, University of Madeira, Funchal, Portugal
Antonieta Tinôco Federal Institute of Education, Science and Technology, Amazonas, Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil.
Jefferson Jurema Department of Physical Education and Sports, University of Amazonas State, Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil.
Matthias Kliegel Center for the Interdisciplinary Study of Gerontology and Vulnerability, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland. Department of Psychology, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland 12 Swiss National Centre of Competence in Research LIVES – Overcoming vulnerability: Life course perspectives, Lausanne and Geneva, Switzerland
Andreas Ihle Center for the Interdisciplinary Study of Gerontology and Vulnerability, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland. Department of Psychology, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland 12 Swiss National Centre of Competence in Research LIVES – Overcoming vulnerability: Life course perspectives, Lausanne and Geneva, Switzerland

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v43i0.88526

Palabras clave:

envejecimiento, sarcopenia; caídas; ejercicio, (aging, sarcopenia; falls; exercise)

Resumen

Introducción: La sarcopenia es un trastorno del músculo esquelético generalizado y progresivo que implica pérdida de masa y función muscular y se asocia con varios resultados, que incluyen caídas, deterioro funcional, fragilidad y mortalidad. Por lo tanto, este estudio tuvo como objetivo: (1) estimar la prevalencia de sarcopenia, caídas y el riesgo de caídas considerando la edad, el sexo y el nivel de actividad física (AF), y (2) identificar cuál de estos predictores explicaba mejor la probabilidad que los participantes presentan riesgo de caída. Un total de 701 participantes (433 mujeres) con una edad media de 70,4 ± 6,9 años. La sarcopenia se determinó de acuerdo con las guías más recientes del Grupo de trabajo europeo (EWGSOP2). La prevalencia de caídas y el nivel de AF se evaluaron mediante cuestionarios. El riesgo de caídas se evaluó mediante la escala Fullerton Advance Balance (FAB). Este estudio proporciona evidencia de que las mujeres (OR: 2,5, p <0,001), las personas mayores (OR: 1,1 p <0,001) y las personas que habían identificado sarcopenia (OR: 2,9 p <0,001) y un nivel más bajo de AP (OR: 2,9 p <0,001), tenían más probabilidades de presentar riesgo de caídas. Se discuten las implicaciones para el envejecimiento vulnerable.

Abstract. Introduction: Sarcopenia is a progressive and widespread skeletal muscle disorder involving loss of muscle mass and function, and is associated with several outcomes, including falls, functional decline, frailty, and mortality. Therefore, this study aimed: (1) to estimate the prevalence of sarcopenia, falls, and the risk of falls considering age, sex, and the level of physical activity (PA), and (2) to identify which of these predictors better explained the likelihood that participants present risk of fall. A total of 701 participants (433 women) with a mean age of 70.4±6.9. Sarcopenia was determined according to the most recent guidelines from the European Working Group (EWGSOP2). The prevalence of falls and the level of physical activity were assessed by questionnaires. The risk of falls was assessed using the Fullerton Advance Balance (FAB) scale. This study provides evidence that women (OR: 2.5, p<0.001), the oldest people (OR: 1.1 p<0.001), and people who had identified sarcopenia (OR: 2.9 p<0.001), and lower level of physical activity (OR: 2.9 p<0.001), were more likely to present the risk of falls. Implications for vulnerable aging are discussed.

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La sarcopenia y la actividad física predicen caídas en adultos mayores de Amazonas, Brasil (Sarcopenia and Physical Activity Predict Falls in Older Adults from Amazonas, Brazil)