Insatisfacción corporal en universitarios mexicanos deportistas y no deportistas (Body dissatisfaction in Mexican university athletes vs non-athletes)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v0i30.50216Keywords:
imagen corporal, actividad física, insatisfacción corporal, escala para la calificación de la figura humana (body image, physical activity, body size dissatisfaction, figure rating scale)Abstract
El objetivo de esta investigación consistió en determinar las diferencias y similitudes entre universitarios mexicanos que practican un deporte de manera regular con los que no lo hacen, en cuanto a la percepción sobre su imagen corporal actual, ideal, social e inconformidad corporal. La muestra total fue de 661 hombres estudiantes universitarios de 18-33 años de edad; 372 de ellos practican algún deporte y participan regularmente en torneos o competencias deportivas. El abordaje adoptado en la investigación se enmarcó dentro de un enfoque cuantitativo con un diseño transversal de recogida de datos. Todos los participantes contestaron la Escala Informatizada para la Estimación del Contorno de la Figura (EIECF) adaptada e informatizada por Gastélum y Blanco (2006). Los resultados del análisis multivariante de la varianza, seguido por los análisis de varianza univariados, muestran que los universitarios que no participan de manera regular algún deporte son quienes eligen modelos más gruesos para su figura actual, ideal y social, además de mostrar mayor inconformidad corporal. Futuras investigaciones deberían replicar estos hallazgos en muestras más amplias.
Abstract. The aim of this study was to determine differences and similarities in present, ideal, and social body image perception, as well as in body size dissatisfaction, between Mexican university students who practice a sport on a regular basis and those who do not practice any sport. A total sample of 661 male university students aged 18-33 years old participated in this study; 372 of them practiced a sport and participated regularly in sport competitions. A quantitative research approach with a transversal data collection design was used. All participants completed the Contour Drawing Rating Scale adapted and computerized by Gastélum and Blanco (2006). Results of the one-way multivariate analysis of variance, followed by the one-way univariate analyses of variance, showed that university students who do not regularly participate in sports display thicker models for their present, ideal and social figure. In addition, they demonstrate higher body size dissatisfaction. Further research should focus on confirming these outcomes with larger samples.
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