Relación entre composición corporal y somatotipo con equilibrio postural dinámico en jóvenes basquet-bolistas Relación entre composición corporal y somatotipo con equilibrio postural dinámico en jóvenes basquetbolistas (Relationship between body composition and somatotype with dynamic postural balance in young basketball players)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v50.98882Palabras clave:
control postural, equilibrio postural, athletes, sports, anthropometry, somatotypeResumen
Objetivo: El objetivo de este estudio fue determinar la relación entre la composición corporal y el somatotipo con el equilibrio postural dinámico en jóvenes jugadores de baloncesto. Métodos: La muestra estuvo compuesta por 33 deportistas varones jóvenes de edad (17,03 ± 0,94 años). La composición corporal y el somatotipo se obtuvieron a partir de medidas antropométricas de diámetros, perímetros y pliegues cutáneos. El equilibrio postural dinámico se midió con la prueba de equilibrio de excursión en estrella modificada (mSEBT) en las direcciones anterior, posteromedial y posterolateral. Se utilizó la prueba de correlación de Pearson para identificar la relación entre las variables de composición corporal y somatotipo con el equilibrio postural dinámico de los atletas. Resultados: En el miembro inferior dominante, la composición corporal mostró correlaciones significativas para la dirección anterior del mSEBT con masa adiposa (r=-0,741; p=0,001), masa muscular (r=0,662; p=0,009), endomorfo (r= -0,822; p=0,009) y ectomorfo (r=0,790; p=0,002). La masa adiposa también mostró relaciones significativas con la dirección posteromedial (r=-0,413; p=0,037) y posterolateral de mSEBT (r=-0,291; p=0,041). En el miembro inferior no dominante, en la dirección anterior del mSEBT, hubo una correlación significativa con la masa adiposa (r=-0,691; p=0,009), masa muscular (r=0,472; p=0,025), endomorfo ( r=-0,778; p=0,001) y ectomorfo (r=0,843; p=0,001) somatotipos. La masa adiposa también se correlacionó con las direcciones posteromedial (r=-0,451; p=0,012) y posterolateral (r=-0,390; p=0,022) del mSEBT. Conclusiones: En el presente estudio fue posible encontrar una relación entre el porcentaje de masa grasa, masa muscular, somatotipos endomorfo y ectomorfo con el desempeño del equilibrio postural dinámico en jóvenes basquetbolistas.
Palabras clave: control postural, equilibrio postural, deportistas, deportes, antropometría, somatotipo.
Abstract. Objective: The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between body composition and somatotype with dynamic postural balance in young basketball players. Methods: The sample included 33 young male athletes aged (17.03 ± 0.94 years old). Body composition and somatotype were obtained from anthropometric measurements of diameters, perimeters, and skinfolds. Dynamic postural balance was measured with the modified star excursion balance test (mSEBT) in anterior, posteromedial, and posterolateral directions. The Pearson correlation test was used to identify the relationship between body composition and somatotype variables with the dynamic postural balance of the athletes. Results: In the dominant lower limb, body composition showed significant correlations for the anterior direction of the mSEBT with adipose mass (r=-0.741; p=0.001), muscle mass (r=0.662; p=0.009), endomorph (r=-0.822; p=0.009) and ectomorph (r=0.790; p=0.002). Adipose mass also showed significant relationships with the posteromedial (r=-0.413; p=0.037) and posterolateral direction of mSEBT (r=-0.291; p=0.041). In the non-dominant lower limb, in the anterior direction of the mSEBT, there was a significant correlation with the adipose mass (r=-0.691; p=0.009), muscle mass (r=0.472; p=0.025), endomorph (r=-0.778; p=0.001) and ectomorph (r=0.843; p=0.001) somatotypes. Adipose mass was also correlated with the posteromedial (r=-0.451; p=0.012) and posterolateral (r=-0.390; p=0.022) directions of the mSEBT. Conclusions: In the present study, it was possible to find relationship between the percentage of fat mass, muscle mass, endomorph, and ectomorph somatotypes with the performance of dynamic postural balance in young basketball players.
Keywords: postural control, postural balance, athletes, sports, anthropometry, somatotype.
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