Tecnología GPS para controlar las demandas externas de las jugadoras de fútbol brasileñas de élite durante las competiciones (GPS technology to control of external demands of elite Brazilian female football players during competitions)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v1i40.81943Palabras clave:
Control de carga, Fútbol femenino, Sistema Global de Navegación por Satélite, GPS, (Load Control, Female Football, Global Navigation Satellite System, GPS)Resumen
Resumen. Este estudio tuvo como objetivo determinar el comportamiento de las demandas de carga externa de los jugadores de fútbol brasileños de élite por posición y tiempo de juego, utilizando datos de la tecnología de posicionamiento global (GPS) a una frecuencia de adquisición de datos de 10Hz de un Polar Team Pro. Veintitrés jugadoras profesionales de un equipo de fútbol femenino brasileño de primer nivel participaron en el estudio. Las mujeres tenían 27.65 ± 4.66 años, 165.35 ± 5.82 cm y 60.91 ± 5.34 kg. Los datos fueron recolectados durante dos competencias disputadas simultáneamente, el Campeonato del Estado de São Paulo y el Brasileño de la serie A1 de 2019. Se analizaron nueve variables relacionadas con la demanda externa de locomotoras realizadas por los jugadores en los partidos disputados. Los procedimientos estadísticos utilizados fueron el ANOVA de dos vías con Bonferroni post hoc para el ajuste de datos, y el tamaño del efecto de Cohen (d), con un valor de p < .05 adoptado para demostrar la significación estadística. Se analizaron las diferencias significativas en las variables distancia caminando, distancia de trote, distancia corriendo, distancia de sprint, zona de aceleración 1, zona de aceleración 2, zona de desaceleración 1 y zona de desaceleración 2, y los resultados mostraron una disminución en la demanda locomotora externa de las cargas durante los partidos jugados por estos Atletas. Estos resultados deberían usarse para mejorar el control de carga y adaptar las prácticas de entrenamiento en los equipos de fútbol femenino.
Abstract. This study aimed to determine the external load demands of elite Brazilian soccer players by position and playing time, using data from global positioning technology (GPS) at a data acquisition frequency of 10Hz from a Polar Team Pro. Twenty-three professional players from a top-flight Brazilian women's soccer team participated in the study. The women were 27.65 ± 4.66 years, 165.35 ± 5.82 cm and 60.91 ± 5.34 kg. Data were collected during two competitions disputed simultaneously, the The São Paulo State Championship and the Brazilian Championship A1 series of 2019. Nine variables related to the external locomotor demand performed by the players in the disputed matches were analyzed. The statistical procedures used were the two-way ANOVA with Bonferroni post hoc for data adjustment, and Cohen’s effect size (d), with a p-value < .05 adopted to demonstrate statistical significance. The significant differences in the variables total distance, walking distance, jogging distance, running distance, Sprinting distance, acceleration zone 1, acceleration zone 2, deceleration zone 1 and deceleration zone 2 were analyzed, and the results showed a decrease in the external locomotor demand of the loads during the matches played by these athletes. These results should be used to improve load control and adapt training practices in women's soccer teams.
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