Blockchain y la industria del deporte: una revisión sistemática de la literatura sobre Fan Tokens y sus implicaciones (Blockchain and sports industry: a systematic literature review of Fan Tokens and their implications)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v60.107125Palabras clave:
Gestión Deportiva, BLockchain, Compromiso de los Aficionados, Tokens de Aficionados, Activos Digitales, TokensResumen
Antecedentes: Los tokens de fans surgen como una innovación significativa que permite una nueva forma de interacción entre los clubes y sus seguidores e introduce un modelo económico alternativo para las entidades deportivas. Propósito: La revisión discute las características técnicas de los tokens de fans y su papel en mejorar la participación de los aficionados en decisiones menores del club, reforzando el sentido de pertenencia y comunidad. Métodos: La investigación abarcó una revisión sistemática de la literatura, siguiendo las pautas de los Elementos de Informe Preferidos para Revisiones Sistemáticas y Meta-Análisis (PRISMA), y presentó un análisis cuantitativo y cualitativo de las aplicaciones de los tokens de fans en la industria deportiva. Resultados: Los resultados destacan que existen desafíos significativos como la volatilidad de los precios y la necesidad de una regulación adecuada para garantizar una adopción segura y efectiva a pesar de las oportunidades de participación y monetización. La discusión también incluye las implicaciones éticas y sociales del uso de tokens de fans, enfatizando la necesidad de estrategias que prioricen la inclusión y la equidad para la participación de los aficionados. Conclusión: Finalmente, el estudio propone futuras direcciones de investigación que consideren el desarrollo tecnológico continuo y los cambios en las expectativas de los aficionados, con el objetivo de optimizar el uso de los tokens de fans para beneficiar a las partes interesadas involucradas.
Palabras clave: Gestión Deportiva; Blockchain; Compromiso de los Aficionados; Tokens de Aficionados; Activos Digitales; Tokens.
Abstract. Background: Fan tokens emerge as a significant innovation that enables a new form of interaction between clubs and their followers and introduces an alternative economic model for sports entities. Purpose: The review discusses the technical characteristics of fan tokens and their role in enhancing fan participation in minor club decisions, reinforcing the sense of belonging and community. Methods: The research encompassed a systematic literature review, following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines and Evidence-Based Systematic Mapping in Software Engineering (EBSE). Thus, it presented a quantitative and qualitative analysis of the applications of fan tokens in the sports industry. Results: Despite engagement and monetization opportunities, the results highlight significant challenges, such as price volatility and appropriate regulation to ensure safe and effective adoption. The discussion also includes the ethical and social implications of using fan tokens, emphasizing the need for strategies that prioritize inclusion and fairness for fan engagement. Conclusion: Finally, the study proposes future research directions that consider continuous technological development and changes in fan expectations, aiming to optimize the use of fan tokens to benefit the stakeholders involved.
Keywords: Sport Management; Blockchain; Fan Engagement; Fan Tokens; Digital Assets; Tokens
Citas
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