Diseño de instrumento de prueba de habilidades básicas de fútbol para estudiantes universitarios (Design of basic football skills test instrument for university students)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v59.108363Palabras clave:
Aprendizaje de fútbol, Habilidad básica, Prueba técnica desarrolladaResumen
El fútbol es uno de los cursos prácticos incluidos en el plan de estudios de tres programas de estudio en el Departamento de Ciencias del Deporte de la Universidad Estatal de Medan (Unimed). Las habilidades futbolísticas que se enseñan incluyen pases cortos y largos, recepción, regate, cabeceo y tiro. Hasta la fecha, no ha existido una prueba estandarizada de habilidades adecuada para estudiantes heterogéneos, lo que permite a los profesores utilizarla con fines de evaluación. Por lo tanto, es necesario desarrollar una prueba de habilidad para que los aprendizajes proporcionados puedan ser evaluados adecuadamente. Es ampliamente reconocido que la evaluación es un aspecto fundamental de la educación, ya que una evaluación inexacta puede obstaculizar el logro de los objetivos de aprendizaje. Este estudio tiene como objetivo identificar el enfoque óptimo para el desarrollo de pruebas de habilidades futbolísticas para los estudiantes. La metodología de investigación utilizada es el método de investigación y desarrollo (I&D). El modelo de investigación utilizado en este estudio es el modelo de Borg y Gall, que solo se adopta y consta de varias etapas, a saber, análisis de necesidades, diseño, desarrollo, ensayo y validación. La población del estudio (examinados) estuvo constituida por los estudiantes varones del Departamento de Coaching (n=30), seleccionados mediante una técnica de muestreo intencional. Los resultados del análisis se analizaron mediante análisis descriptivo y análisis de pruebas de validación a partir de evaluaciones de expertos. El resultado final es un instrumento básico de prueba técnica de fútbol, que incluye instrucciones y dibujos para cada prueba. Esta prueba es útil para evaluar a los estudiantes matriculados en cursos de fútbol, especialmente para los estudiantes de nivel universitario.
Palabras clave: Aprendizaje de fútbol, Habilidad básica, Prueba técnica desarrollada, Estudiantes universitarios.
Abstract. Football is one of the practical courses included in the curriculum in three study programs at the Department of Sports Science, State University of Medan (Unimed). The football skills taught include short and long passing, receiving, dribbling, heading, and shooting. To date, there has not been a standardized skills test suitable for heterogeneous students, allowing lecturers to use it for assessment purposes. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a skill test so that the learning provided can be evaluated properly. It is widely recognized that assessment is a fundamental aspect of education, because inaccurate assessment can hinder the achievement of learning objectives. This study aims to identify the optimal approach to football skill test development for students. The research methodology used is the research and development (R&D) method. The research model used in this study is the Borg and Gall model which is only adopted consisting of several stages, namely needs analysis, design, development, and trial and validation. The population of the study (test takers) consisted of the male students of the Coaching Department (n=30), selected by a purposive sampling technique. The results of the analysis were analyzed using descriptive analysis and validation test analysis from expert assessments. The end result is a basic football technical test instrument, which includes instructions and drawings for each test. This test is useful for evaluating students enrolled in football courses, especially for university-level students.
Keywords: Football Learning, Basic Skill, Developed Technical Test, University Students.
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