Article RETRACTED due to manipulation by the authors ¿Cuál es la diferencia entre la técnica de tiro y la cinemática del puntero en los deportistas principiantes? Un estudio sobre el deporte de la petanca

Article RETRACTED due to manipulation by the authors

Autores/as

  • Dina Agustina Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta
  • Cerika Rismayanthi Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6588-1983
  • Muhammad Fakhrur Rozi Universitas Negeri Padang
  • Maharani Fatima Gandasari Universitas Tanjungpura
  • Mohamad Da'i Universitas Nahdlatul Ulama Sunan Giri
  • Sumaryanti Sumaryanti Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta
  • Rina Yuniana Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta
  • Mashud Mashud Universitas Lambung Mangkurat
  • Mikkey Anggara Suganda Universitas Nahdlatul Ulama Cirebon https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1764-3646
  • Julian Dewantara Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta
  • Didi Suryadi Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0206-9197

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v62.106200

Palabras clave:

Biomecánica, habilidades manipulativas, evaluación del entrenamiento, análisis de la marcha

Resumen

La petanca, como deporte, requiere dominio de las técnicas de tiro y de los movimientos cinemáticos de apunte. Comprender las diferencias entre estas dos habilidades es crucial para que los atletas principiantes destaquen en este deporte. El objetivo de este estudio es evaluar el movimiento cinemático de los niños que practican técnicas de puntería y tiro en petanca. Empleando un enfoque cuantitativo con un diseño comparativo, el estudio utilizó un muestreo intencional para seleccionar a 21 atletas varones principiantes de petanca. Se realizó un análisis cinemático utilizando el software Kinovea 0.9.4 para observar el éxito del lanzamiento en el plano sagital. Los datos cinemáticos recogidos tanto para la técnica de apuntar como para la de lanzar se clasificaron en cuatro etapas: backswing, posición cero, lanzamiento y posición avanzada de lanzamiento. Los resultados indicaron diferencias significativas en la fase de backswing, particularmente en la extensión del hombro y la altura del balón (α < 0,05). Varias variables difirieron significativamente entre las dos técnicas en las distintas fases. El tiro mostró una mayor velocidad (10,94 ± 13,34 m/s) en comparación con la puntería (5,290 ± 0,44 m/s). En la fase de lanzamiento, variables como la altura del balón, la velocidad y el ángulo de lanzamiento difirieron significativamente (α < 0,05), con una mayor altura del balón (92,53 ± 9,69 m) y una menor velocidad (6,46 ± 0,43 m/s) en comparación con el tiro (80,19 ± 10,74 m y 16,09 ± 5,18 m/s, respectivamente). Además, apuntar implicaba un ángulo de lanzamiento más amplio (42,38 ± 5,85 o) en comparación con disparar (35,31 ± 7,26 o). Se observaron diferencias significativas en la flexión del cuerpo y la rodilla, la altura máxima del balón y la velocidad del balón durante la fase de seguimiento (α < 0,05). En particular, la velocidad del balón durante el apuntado fue menor (4,90 ± 2,35 m/s) que durante el tiro (13,01 ± 5,36 m/s). El estudio sugiere que las técnicas específicas de tiro y puntería pueden adaptarse para mejorar los métodos de entrenamiento de los niños, mejorando así los resultados de su rendimiento. La comprensión profunda de las disparidades entre estas técnicas permite a los atletas noveles desarrollar eficazmente sus habilidades en la petanca. Otras investigaciones que exploren diversos grupos de edad y géneros podrían aportar información adicional sobre las técnicas de lanzamiento en petanca.

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Publicado

2025-01-01

Cómo citar

Agustina, D., Rismayanthi, C., Rozi, M. F., Gandasari, M. F., Da’i, M., Sumaryanti, S., Yuniana, R., Mashud, M., Suganda, M. A., Dewantara, J., & Suryadi, D. (2025). Article RETRACTED due to manipulation by the authors ¿Cuál es la diferencia entre la técnica de tiro y la cinemática del puntero en los deportistas principiantes? Un estudio sobre el deporte de la petanca: Article RETRACTED due to manipulation by the authors. Retos, 62, 705–714. https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v62.106200

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