O efeito da idade relativa nas sete principais ligas profissionais de futebol feminino da União das Federações Europeias de Futebol (UEFA)

Autores

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v54.103292

Palavras-chave:

fecha de nacimiento, selección de talento, rendimiento profesional femenino, demarcación, clasificación

Resumo

O objetivo do presente estudo é analisar as datas de nascimento das jogadoras de futebol (n = 2.250) correspondentes às 86 equipes que compõem as sete melhores ligas profissionais femininas da União das Federações Europeias de Futebol (UEFA), a fim de observar o efeito da idade relativa (RAE: Relative Age Effect) ao longo da temporada 2020-2021. Ao mesmo tempo, analisa o RAE com base na posição de jogo dos jogadores e na classificação das equipes no final da temporada. A data de nascimento de cada jogador foi classificada em quatro trimestres (Q1, Q2, Q3 e Q4). O teste do qui-quadrado foi aplicado para analisar as frequências e percentuais observados e esperados dos meses de nascimento. Para verificar diferenças na distribuição entre os subgrupos, foi calculada a razão de chances (IC 95%) para os diferentes trimestres. Os resultados confirmaram uma maior representação de jogadores nascidos no Q1 e Q2 para todas as ligas estudadas, com menor representação para a Primera Iberdrola (Espanha). Esse significado se repetiu principalmente nos jogadores que ocupam a posição de meio-campo e, em menor proporção, nos goleiros, zagueiros e atacantes. Por fim, existem diferenças significativas dependendo da classificação no final da temporada, principalmente nas equipes intermediárias. Concluindo, aprecia-se a presença da RAE no futebol profissional feminino europeu; este aparecimento na prática pode significar uma seleção desfocada de talentos no futebol feminino, com um recrutamento orientado para o curto prazo, para resultados imediatos em detrimento do talento desportivo.

Palavras-chave: data de nascimento, seleção de talentos, atuação profissional feminina, demarcação, classificação.

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Publicado

2024-05-01

Como Citar

Yagüe Cabezón, J. M., Fernández García, B., Redondo Castán, J. C., & Izquierdo Velasco, J. M. . (2024). O efeito da idade relativa nas sete principais ligas profissionais de futebol feminino da União das Federações Europeias de Futebol (UEFA). Retos, 54, 518–528. https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v54.103292

Edição

Secção

Artigos de caráter científico: trabalhos de pesquisas básicas e/ou aplicadas.