Produção científica sobre o efeito da idade relativa no desporto: análise bibliométrica dos últimos 9 anos (2015-2023)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v52.101944Palavras-chave:
relativa age, sport, sport science, capacity, skillResumo
Mirar. Desenvolver uma análise bibliométrica da produção científica sobre o efeito da idade relativa no desporto com base nas bases de dados PubMed e Scopus entre 1 de janeiro de 2015 e 30 de abril de 2023. Metodologia. O ponto de partida foi uma análise bibliométrica descritiva da produção científica, tendo como indicadores as seguintes categorias: 1) Base de dados; 2) Ano de publicação; 3) Nome da revista; 4) País da revista; 5) índice H; 6) Índice SCI (2021); 7) Quartil (Q1; Q2; Q3; Q4); 8) Número de artigos por periódico; 9) Citações em Scopus; 10) Países avaliados; 11) Esportes coletivos; 12) Esportes individuais; 13) Número de vezes que a amostra de um país foi avaliada segundo as revistas; 14) Área de conhecimento; 15) Gênero; 16) Número de autores; 17) Nomear autores; 18) Instrumentos utilizados para determinar o efeito da idade relativa dos atletas; 19) Foco da pesquisa; 20) Desenho de pesquisa; 21) Pacote de software estatístico; 22) Teste estatístico; 23) Linguagem; 24) Tamanho da amostra. Para a busca nos documentos foram utilizados os seguintes termos MeSH: "Sport", "relative age", "sports performance", e as equações de busca ("sports Competition" AND "relative age effect"), ("sports Talent" AND "relative age effect"), ("physical diferenças" AND "relative age effect") para busca de documentos nas bases de dados Scopus e PubMed, obtendo um total de 597 documentos. Por fim, após a aplicação dos critérios, foram aceitos 185 documentos. Resultados: O número de publicações por ano tem oscilado, sendo 2018 o ano com maior produção (16,09%) e 2016 o ano com menor (6,32%).Em comparação com o periódico, constatou que aqueles com maior número de publicações foram Plos One com 24 artigos (12,97%), Sports com 15 artigos (8,10%) e Journal of Human Kinetics com 13 (7,02%).Os periódicos com maior número de citações foram PloS One (591) e Journal of Sports Sciences (478) Quanto aos desportos, os que apresentam maior número de publicações são: futebol com 61 (32,90%), desportos diversos com 24 (12,89%) e basquetebol com 16 documentos (8,64%). Em relação ao país avaliado, a Copa do Mundo (13.008%) e a Espanha (12.195%) apresentam o maior número de documentos. Em relação ao total de documentos por área do conhecimento, o talento esportivo (25,40%), a competição esportiva (22,70%) e o treinamento esportivo (15,13%) são os mais elevados. Por fim, em termos de gênero, observa-se que a maior produção é em relação aos homens (74,26%), mulheres-homens (20,46%) e mulheres (7,01%). Conclusões. Conclui-se que o estudo bibliométrico contribui substancialmente para a comunidade científica com base nos achados encontrados no estudo e na mudança de abordagem com que a idade relativa tem sido estudada recentemente. Da mesma forma, permite orientar futuros estudos que visem caracterizar e determinar o efeito da idade relativa no desporto.
Palavras-chave: idade relativa, desporto, ciência do desporto, competição desportiva, talento desportivo.
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