Electromiografía de superficie en movimientos balísticos: un análisis metodológico comparativo en atletas de taekwondo (Surface electromyography in ballistic movement: a comparative methodological analysis from taekwondo athletes)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v44i0.90174Palabras clave:
deportes de combate; electromiografía; actividad muscular; procesamiento de datos, (combat sports; electromyography; muscle activity; data processing)Resumen
Los métodos de procesamiento de señales de electromiografía de superficie (sEMG) utilizados para evaluar los deportes de combate son heterogéneos. Esta investigación tiene como objetivo comparar el pico de electromiografía (pico EMG) en atletas de taekwondo con cinco métodos de procesamiento. En segundo lugar, se compararon tanto el coeficiente de variación (CV) como el porcentaje de ruido con respecto al pico EMG (NPRP). Se consultó el registro sEMG de ocho músculos de las piernas de dieciséis atletas (12 hombres y 4 mujeres, edades 20,31+4,1). Los métodos de procesamiento fueron: a) Suavizado 1, b) Suavizado 2, c) Raíz cuadrada media (RMS) 1, d) RMS 2 y e) Descomposición en modo empírico (EMD). Los resultados indican que el pico de EMG difiere entre el suavizado vs. EMD; Suavizado 2 vs. a EMD; Suavizado 1 vs. a RMS 2; Suavizado 2 vs. a RMS 2; Suavizado 1 vs. a RMS 1; RMS 1 vs. a RMS 2; RMS 1 vs. a EMD y RMS 2 vs. a EMD. Para todos los casos p <.05 en siete de los ocho músculos estudiados. No se encontraron diferencias para el CV. El EMD NPRP fue menor que los otros métodos analizados (p <.05). En conclusión, existen diferencias entre los métodos estudiados y deben tenerse en cuenta al interpretar el pico EMG. El EMD parece ser una alternativa útil para reducir el ruido y el movimiento de artefactos.
Abstract. Surface electromyography (sEMG) signal processing methods used to assess combat sports are heterogeneous. This research aims to compare the electromyography peak (peak EMG) in taekwondo athletes with five processing methods. Secondarily, the coefficient of variation (CV) and the noise percentage regarding the peak EMG (NPRP) were compared. The sEMG record of eight leg muscles of sixteen athletes (12 male and 4 female, ages 20.31+4.1 years) was consulted. The processing methods were: a) Smoothing 1, b) Smoothing 2, c) Root mean square (RMS) 1, d) RMS 2, and e) Empirical mode decomposition (EMD). Results indicate that the peak EMG differs among Smoothing 1 vs. EMD; Smoothing 2 vs. EMD; Smoothing 1 vs. RMS 2; Smoothing 2 vs. RMS 2; Smoothing 1 vs. RMS 1; RMS 1 vs. RMS 2; RMS 1 vs. EMD, and RMS 2 vs. EMD. For all cases p<.05 in seven of the eight muscles studied. No differences were found for the CV. The EMD NPRP was lower than the other methods analyzed (p<.05). As a conclusion, there are differences among the studied methods and should be considered when interpreting the peak EMG. The EMD seems to be a useful alternative for reducing noise and artifact movement.
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