Los efectos de la carga de entrenamiento de boccia sobre la inteligencia emocional y la calidad de vida en personas con parálisis cerebral (The effects of boccia training load on emotional intelligence and quality of life in individuals with cer-ebral palsy)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v54.102554Palabras clave:
Paradeporte, Ejercicio, Deterioro cerebral, EmocionalResumen
El objetivo de esta investigación fue determinar la correlación entre la carga de entrenamiento de boccia (volumen) con respecto a la calidad de vida e inteligencia emocional en personas con Parálisis Cerebral (PC). En este estudio participaron de forma voluntaria 165 personas con PC que presentaban limitaciones severas de actividad en piernas, brazos y tronco (BC1). El tipo de diseño se caracteriza por ser seccional-correlacional. Los participantes fueron asignados a uno de los grupos de boccia: G2 (2 horas/semana), G4 (4 horas/semana) y G6 (6 horas/semana). El test de inteligencia emocional de autoinforme de Schutte (SSEIT) y el cuestionario de calidad de vida de la organización mundial de la salud WHOQOL-Bref evaluaron la inteligencia emocional y la calidad de vida de estos pacientes respectivamente. Para determinar el grado de asociación se utilizó el Coeficiente de Correlación de Pearson y para comparar las variables entre los grupos se aplicó ANOVA unidireccional y Bonferroni. La normalidad de la muestra fue contrastada a través del test de Kolmogorov-Smirnov. Los resultados mostraron como la carga de entrenamiento es un factor condicionante de los niveles de calidad de vida y de inteligencia emocional, identificándose que a mayor carga mejores niveles de los parámetros indicados. Las dimensiones de calidad de vida: salud física y psicológica son las que presenta mayor diferencia entre el grupo G2 (salud física: 19,61±6,83; psicológica= 18,71±5,37) y el grupo G4 (salud física: 58,25±16,61; psicológica= 54,17 ±16,24) y G6 (salud física: 61,56±8,85; psicológica= 56,29±3,48). Respecto a la inteligencia emocional, hay que destacar la dimensión percepción de emoción como la que más se ve influenciada por la carga de entrenamiento semanal (G2: 27,78±3,51, G4: 38,20±1,90, G6:39,76±2,66). Los resultados han indicado una correlación de moderada a fuerte entre el volumen de entrenamiento de boccia y la inteligencia emocional (0.842>r>0.744). y la calidad de vida (0.899>r>0.770). En base a los resultados, y con el objetivo de optimizar los efectos, se recomienda practicar Boccia en individuos con PC durante cuatro días a la semana.
Palabras claves: Deporte adaptado, Ejercicio físico, Deterioro cerebral, Emocional.
Abstract. The aim of this research was to determine the correlation between the load (volume) of boccia training and emotional intelligence and quality of life in individuals with cerebral palsy (CP). 165 individuals with CP who had severe activity limitations in their legs, arms and trunk (BC1) were voluntarily enrolled in this study. The type of design is characterized by being sectional-correlational. The participants were assigned to one of the boccia groups: G2 (2 hours/week), G4 (4 hours/week) and G6 (6 hours/week). The Schutte Self-Report Emotional Intelligence Test (SSEIT) and WHOQOL-Bref world health organization's quality of life questionnaire assessed these patients' emotional intelligence and quality of life of these patients respectively. To determine the degree of association, the Pearson Correlation Coefficient was used, and one-way ANOVA and Bonferroni were applied to compare the variables between the groups. The normality of the sample was tested through the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test. Results showed how the training load is a conditioning factor for the levels of quality of life and emotional intelligence, identifying that the greater the load, the better the levels of the indicated parameters. The dimensions of quality of life: physical and psychological health are those with the greatest difference between group G2 (physical health: 19.61±6.83; psychological= 18.71±5.37) and group G4 (physical health: 58.25±16.61; psychological= 54.17 ±16.24) and G6 (physical health: 61.56±8.85; psychological= 56.29±3.48). Regarding emotional intelligence, we must highlight the emotion perception dimension as the one that is most influenced by the weekly training load (G2: 27.78±3.51, G4: 38.20±1.90, G6: 39.76±2.66). The results have indicated a moderate to strong evaluation between boccia training volume and emotional intelligence (0.842>r>0.744). and quality of life (0.899>r>0.770). Based on the results, and with the aim of optimizing the effects, it is recommended to practice Boccia in individuals with CP for four days a week.
Keywords: Para-sport, Physical exercise, Brain impairment, Emotional.
Citas
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