Utility of the RMSSD-Slope for internal training load quantification in elite badminton players. Case study
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v1i40.78348Keywords:
Heart rate variability, Training load, RMSSD-Slope, BadmintonAbstract
Abstract: The objective of this case study was to verify the utility of the slope of the mean of the differences in the sum of squares between adjacent RR intervals (RMSSD-Slope) as an individual indicator of internal training load in two elite badminton players (a man and a woman) during 10 and 13 training sessions respectively. Heart rate variability records were made for five minutes before and after training sessions to calculate RMSSD-Slope as internal load indicator, as well as the Borg scale. The Stress Score (SS) was calculated as an indicator of sympathetic activity, RMSSD of parasympathetic activity and the relationship between the two systems (Ratio S/PS). The coefficients of variation observed in the resting records indicate a high day-to-day measurement variability, which could indicate different responses to the workloads performed. Linear relationship was not found between the RMSSD-Slope and RMSSD5, SS or training variables (volume, intensity and total training load). Nevertheless, inverse correlation was observed between Borg scale and RMSSD-Slope. In conclusion, the case study results support the use of the RMSSD-Slope and the SS as indicators of the internal training load reflecting athletes’ individual response to the stimulus. The use of the RMSSD-Slope could be a practical, non-invasive and easy-to-use method that can be used by physical trainers and trainers.
References
ndrade, A. D., Sirnim, M., Kassiano, W., Palao, J. M., de Jesus, K., Maia, N., Assumpção, C., & Araripe Medeiros, A. I. (2020). Do differences between the training load perceived by elite beach volleyball players and that planned by coaches affect neuromuscular function? Retos, 83, 632–636.
Banister, E. W., & Calvert, T. W. (1980). Planning for future performance: implications for long term training. Canadian Journal of Applied Sport Sciences. Journal Canadien Des Sciences Appliquees Au Sport, 5(3), 170–176.
Bisschoff, C. A., Coetzee, B., & Esco, M. R. (2018). Heart rate variability and recovery as predictors of elite, African, male badminton players’ performance levels. International Journal of Performance Analysis in Sport, 18(1), 1–16. https://doi.org/10.1080/24748668.2018.1437868
Borg, G. A. V. (1954). Psychophysical bases of perceived exertion. Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, 14(5), 377–381. https://doi.org/10.1249/00005768-198205000-00012
Buchheit, M. (2014). Monitoring training status with HR measures: do all roads lead to Rome? Frontiers in Physiology, 5, 73. https://doi.org/10.3389/fphys.2014.00073
Cabello Manrique, D., & González-Badillo, J. J. (2003). Analysis of the characteristics of competitive badminton. British Journal of Sports Medicine, 37(1), 62–66. https://doi.org/10.1136/bjsm.37.1.62
Foster, C. (1998). Monitoring training in athletes with reference to overtraining syndrome. In Med. Sci. Sports Exerc (Vol. 30, Issue 7). https://journals.lww.com/jnpt/00005768-199807000-00023.fulltext
Garrido Esquivel, A., de la Cruz Torres, B., Garrido Salazar, M. A., Medina Corrales, M., & Naranjo Orellana, J. (2009). Variabilidad de la frecuencia cardiaca en un deportista juvenil durante una competición de bádminton de máximo nivel. Revista Andaluza de Medicina del Deporte, 2(2), 70–74. https://www.redalyc.org/articulo.oa?id=323327658006
Garrido Esquivel, A., De la Cruz Torres, B., Medina-Corrales, M., Garrido Salazar, M. A., & Naranjo Orellana, J. (2011). Heart rate variability after three badminton matches. Are there gender differences? Archivos de Medicina Del Deporte, 28(144), 257–264.
Goldberger, J. J., Le, F. K., Lahiri, M., Kannankeril, P. J., Ng, J., & Kadish, A. H. (2006). Assessment of parasympathetic reactivation after exercise. American Journal of Physiology - Heart and Circulatory Physiology, 290(6). https://doi.org/10.1152/ajpheart.01118.2005
Hayes, P. R., & Quinn, M. D. (2009). A mathematical model for quantifying training. European Journal of Applied Physiology, 106(6), 839–847. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00421-009-1084-8
Javorka, M., Žila, I., Balhárek, T., & Javorka, K. (2002). Heart rate recovery after exercise: Relations to heart rate variability and coplexity. In Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research (Vol. 35, Issue 8, pp. 991–1000). Associacao Brasileira de Divulgacao Cientifica. https://doi.org/10.1590/S0100-879X2002000800018
Malik, M., Camm, A. J., Bigger, J. T., Breithardt, G., Cerutti, S., Cohen, R. J., Coumel, P., Fallen, E. L., Kennedy, H. L., Kleiger, R. E., Lombardi, F., Malliani, A., Moss, A. J., Rottman, J. N., Schmidt, G., Schwartz, P. J., & Singer, D. H. (1996). Heart rate variability. Standards of measurement, physiological interpretation, and clinical use. In European Heart Journal. https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.eurheartj.a014868
McLaren, S. J., Macpherson, T. W., Coutts, A. J., Hurst, C., Spears, I. R., & Weston, M. (2018). The Relationships Between Internal and External Measures of Training Load and Intensity in Team Sports: A Meta-Analysis. In Sports Medicine (Vol. 48, Issue 3, pp. 641–658). Springer International Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40279-017-0830-z
Medina Corrales, M., De la Cruz Torres, B., Garrido Esquivel, A., Garrido Salazar, M. A., & Naranjo Orellana, J. (2012). Normal values of heart rate variability at rest in a young, healthy and active Mexican population. Health, 04(07), 377–385. https://doi.org/10.4236/health.2012.47060
Melanson, E. L., & Freedson, P. S. (2001). The effect of endurance training on resting heart rate variability in sedentary adult males. European Journal of Applied Physiology, 85(5), 442–449. https://doi.org/10.1007/s004210100479
Naranjo Orellana, J., De La Cruz Torres, B., Cachadiña, E. S., De Hoyo, M., & Domínguez Cobo, S. (2015). Two new indexes for the assessment of autonomic balance in elite soccer players. International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance, 10(4), 452–457. https://doi.org/10.1123/ijspp.2014-0235
Naranjo Orellana, J., Nieto-Jiménez, C., & Ruso-Álvarez, J. F. (2019). Recovery Slope of Heart Rate Variability as an Indicator of Internal Training Load. Health, 11(02), 211–221. https://doi.org/10.4236/health.2019.112019
Nieto-Jimenez, C., Ruso-Álvarez, J., Pardos-Mainer, E., & Orellana, J. N. (2020). Heart Rate Varibility in the training monitoring of an Ironman runner. A case study. Retos, 37, 339–343.
Reina, M., Mancha-Triguero, D., García-Santos, D., García-Rubio, J., & Ibáñez, S. J. (2019). Comparación de tres métodos de cuantificación de la carga de entrenamiento en baloncesto. [Comparison of three methods of quantifying the training load in basketball]. RICYDE. Revista Internacional de Ciencias Del Deporte, 15(58), 368–382. https://doi.org/10.5232/ricyde2019.05805
Reina, M., Rubio, J. G., Antúnez, A., & Ibáñez, S. J. (2020). Comparison of internal and external load in official 3 vs. 3 and 5 vs. 5 female basketball competitions. Retos, 37, 400–405.
Ruso-Álvarez, J. F., Nieto-Jiménez, C., Muñoz-López, A., & Orellana, J. N. (2019). Utility of the “RMSSD-Slope” to Assess the Internal Load in Different Sports Situations. Health, 11(06), 683–691. https://doi.org/10.4236/health.2019.116057
Tulppo, M., Hautala, A., Makikallio, T., Laukkanen, R., Nissila, S., Hughson, R., & Huikuri, H. (2003). Effects of aerobic training on heart rate dynamics in sedentary subjects. Journal of Applied Physiology (Bethesda, Md. : 1985), 95, 364–372. https://doi.org/10.1152/japplphysiol.00751.2002
Tulppo, M., Makikallio, T. H., Takala, T. E., Seppanen, T., & Huikuri, H. V. (1996). Quantitative beat-to-beat analysis of heart rate dynamics during exercise. The American Journal of Physiology, 271(1 Pt 2), H244-52. https://doi.org/10.1152/ajpheart.1996.271.1.H244
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2020 Marina Medina Corrales, Alberto Garrido Esquivel, Mariela Flores Cruz, Flor Janeth Miranda Mendoza, Myriam Zaraí García Dávila, Germán Hernández Cruz, José Naranjo Orellana
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:
- Authors retain copyright and ensure the magazine the right to be the first publication of the work as licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgment of authorship of the work and the initial publication in this magazine.
- Authors can establish separate additional agreements for non-exclusive distribution of the version of the work published in the journal (eg, to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgment of its initial publication in this journal.
- Is allowed and authors are encouraged to disseminate their work electronically (eg, in institutional repositories or on their own website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as to a subpoena more Early and more of published work (See The Effect of Open Access) (in English).
This journal provides immediate open access to its content (BOAI, http://legacy.earlham.edu/~peters/fos/boaifaq.htm#openaccess) on the principle that making research freely available to the public supports a greater global exchange of knowledge. The authors may download the papers from the journal website, or will be provided with the PDF version of the article via e-mail.
