ARTICLE RETRACTED DUE TO PLAGIARISM BY THE AUTHOR Comprehensive development of physical qualities of football players in the preparatory period
ARTICLE RETRACTED DUE TO PLAGIARISM BY THE AUTHOR
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v57.105912Keywords:
Physical quality; Football; Youth; Preparatory stage; TrainingAbstract
The solution to the issue of developing the physical qualities of young football players can be obtained through the introduction of general physical exercises during the preparatory period of training. The objective is to document the increase in the level of physical fitness of young football players due to specific training. T The statistical analysis was performed using SPSS 20.0 statistical software. The study was conducted for 11 weeks. The children from the CG were engaged in the usual 90-minute lesson program for football players of sports schools. The children in the EG performed various physical exercises to develop certain physical qualities. Results showed that regarding pre-to-post comparisons, for experimental and control groups, better results were recorded after compared with pre-training for running 30 m (p<0.001and p=0.017, respectively), shuttle running (both p<0.001), long jump (both p<0.001), pull-up (both p<0.001), 6min test (both p<0.001) and leaning forward (both p<0.001). Concerning comparisons at post-training between the two groups, the experimental group resulted in better performances than the control in shuttle running (p<0.001), long jump (p<0.001) and leaning forward (p=0.018) as well as for delta change (i.e., the difference between pre and post for each group) in the running 30 m (p<0.001) and 6min test (p<0.001). After athletes from the experimental group performed a special set of physical exercises to develop physical qualities, their performance improved significantly. This indicates the effectiveness of the tools and methods used to develop physical qualities.
Keywords: Physical quality; Football; Youth; Preparatory stage; Training.
References
Alesi, M., Bianco, A., Luppina, G., Palma, A., & Pepi, A. (2016). Improving Children’s Coordinative Skills and Execu-tive Functions: The Effects of a Football Exercise Program. Perceptual and motor skills, 122(2), 27–46. https://doi.org/10.1177/0031512515627527
Bornstein, M. H. (1989). Sensitive periods in development: structural characteristics and causal interpretations. Psycho-logical bulletin, 105(2), 179–197. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-2909.105.2.179
Carron, M. A., Scanlan, A. T., Power, C. J., & Doering, T. M. (2023). What Tests are Used to Assess the Physical Qualities of Male, Adolescent Rugby League Players? A Systematic Review of Testing Protocols and Reported Data Across Adolescent Age Groups. Sports medicine - open, 9(1), 106. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40798-023-00650-z
Carvajal-Espinoza, R., Talpey, S., & Salazar-Rojas, W. (2023). Effects of physical training on change of direction per-formance: A systematic review with meta-analysis. International Journal of Sports Science & Coaching, 18(5), 1850–1866. https://doi.org/10.1177/17479541231160894
Champ, F. M., Nesti, M. S., Ronkainen, N. J., Tod, D. A., & Littlewood, M. A. (2020). An exploration of the experi-ences of elite youth footballers: The impact of organizational culture. Journal of Applied Sport Psychology, 32(2), 146–67. https://doi.org/10.1080/10413200.2018.1514429
Craig, T. P., Swinton, P., Barrett, S., & Maughan, P. (2022). Locomotor activities and subjective load differences be-tween professional youth soccer players and professional development loans: A comparative analysis. International Journal of Sports Science & Coaching 19(1), 1–7. https://doi.org/10.1177/17479541221141145
Forest, E., Lenzen, B., & Öhman, M. (2018). Teaching traditions in physical education in France, Switzerland and Swe-den: A special focus on official curricula for gymnastics and fitness training. European Educational Research Journal, 17(1), 71–90. https://doi.org/10.1177/1474904117708889
Gabard-Durnam, L., & McLaughlin, K. A. (2020). Sensitive periods in human development: charting a course for the future. Current Opinion in Behavioral Sciences, 36, 120–128. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cobeha.2020.09.003
Galán-Arroyo, C., Mayordomo-Pinilla, N., Castillo-Paredes, A., & Rojo-Ramos, J. (2023). Aptitud Física y Bullying en el Aula de Educación Física (Physical Fitness and Bullying in Physical Education Classroom). Retos, 50, 849–857. https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v50.100170
Hopkins, W. G. (2002). A New View of Statistics: Effect Magnitudes. https://www.sportsci.org/resource/stats/effectmag.html
Imperlini, E., Mancini, A., Orrù, S., Vitucci, D., Di Onofrio, V., Gallè, F., Valerio, G., Salvatore, G., Liguori, G., Buono, P., & Alfieri, A. (2020). Long-Term Recreational Football Training and Health in Aging. International journal of environmental research and public health, 17(6), 2087. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17062087
Kachani, L., & Gorsky, L. (2022). Training of football players. FiS.
Kim, V. G. & Irmatov, D. (2020). Features of the Development of Physical Qualities of Young Football Players at the Stage of Initial Training. Texas Journal of Multidisciplinary Studies, 8,125-129
Knauer, H., Baker, D. L., Hebbeler, K., & Davis-Alldritt, L. (2015). The Mismatch Between Children’s Health Needs and School Resources. The Journal of school nursing: the official publication of the National Association of School Nurses, 31(5), 326–333. https://doi.org/10.1177/1059840515579083
Marambio Miranda, M., Núñez Fernández, T., Ramírez Guajardo, J., Ramírez Eyraud, P., Palma Leal, X. A., & Rodrí-guez-Rodríguez., F. (2020). Relación entre la actividad física escolar y extraescolar en estudiantes de escuelas públi-cas chilenas (Relationship between school and out-of-school physical activity in Chilean public school children). Re-tos, 37, 393–399. https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v37i37.72851
Marques, M. C., Izquierdo, M., Gabbett, T. J., Travassos, B., Branquinho, L., & van den Tillaar, R. (2016). Physical fitness profile of competitive young soccer players: Determination of positional differences. International Journal of Sports Science & Coaching, 11(5), 693–701. https://doi.org/10.1177/1747954116667107
Maughan, P. C., MacFarlane, N. G., & Swinton, P. A. (2021). Quantification of training and match-play load across a season in professional youth football players. International Journal of Sports Science & Coaching, 16(5), 1169–1177. https://doi.org/10.1177/17479541211000328
Petrova, M. A., Kaldarikov, E. N., & Bakulina, E. D. (2019). Sensitive periods in schoolchildren’s physical development in Kalmykia republic. Theory and Practice of Physical Culture, 6, 1–27.
Platvoet, S. W., Opstoel, K., Pion, J., Elferink-Gemser, M. T., & Visscher, C. (2020). Performance characteristics of selected/deselected under 11 players from a professional youth football academy. International Journal of Sports Sci-ence & Coaching, 15(5-6), 762–771. https://doi.org/10.1177/1747954120923980
Polevoy, G. (2024). El efecto de la carrera aeróbica en el pensamiento y la resistencia de los niños (The effect of aerobic running on children’s thinking and endurance). Retos, 54, 303–311. https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v54.103477
Rico-González, M., Pino-Ortega, J., & Ardigò, L. P. (2021). Playing Non-Professional Football in COVID-19 Time: A Narrative Review of Recommendations, Considerations, and Best Practices. International journal of environmental research and public health, 18(2), 568. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18020568
Ringdal, K., Ringdal, G. I., Olsen, H. K., Mamen, A., & Fredriksen, P. M. (2018). Quality of life in primary school children: The Health Oriented Pedagogical Project (HOPP). Scandinavian journal of public health, 46(21_suppl), 68–73. https://doi.org/10.1177/1403494818767821
Salse-Batán, J., Varela, S., Garcia-Fresneda, A., & Ayan, C. (2022). Reliability and validity of field-based tests for as-sessing physical fitness in gymnasts. Apunts Sports Medicine, 57(216), 100397. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apunsm.2022.100397
Sarroeira, S., Pereira, B. O., Carvalho, G. S., & Fernandéz, E. R. (2022). Intervenciones basadas en métodos de relaja-ción en el contexto escolar desde la perspectiva de la promoción de la salud y el bienestar: una revisión sistemática (Relaxation methods based interventions in a school context from a perspective of health and w. Retos, 45, 583–590. https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v45i0.90898
Septianto, I., Sumaryanti, S., Nasrulloh, A., Sulistiyono, S., Nugraha, H., Ali, M., Ramadhani, A. M., Dewantara, J., Haniyyah, N., Fauzi, F., Suryadi, D., Ardian, R., & Subarjo, S. (2024). Juegos tradicionales para mejorar la forma fí-sica: estudio experimental con alumnos de primaria (Traditional games for physical fitness: an experimental study on elementary school students). Retos, 54, 122–128. https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v54.104177
Smothers, N., Cropley, B., Lloyd, R., & Oliver, J. (2021). An exploration of the landscape of fundamental movement skills and strength development in UK professional football academies. International Journal of Sports Science & Coaching, 16(3), 608–621. https://doi.org/10.1177/1747954121992522
Strykalenko, Y., Huzar, V., Shalar, O., Oloshynov, S., Homenko, V., Svirida V. (2021). Physical fitness assessment of young football players using an integrated approach. Journal of Physical Education and Sport, 21(1), 360-366. DOI:10.7752/jpes.2021.01034
Till, K., Lloyd, R. S., McCormack, S., Williams, G., Baker, J., & Eisenmann, J. C. (2022). Optimising long-term athlet-ic development: An investigation of practitioners' knowledge, adherence, practices and challenges. PloS one, 17(1), e0262995. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0262995
Tomczak, M., & Tomczak, E. (2014). The need to report effect size estimates revisited. An overview of some recom-mended measures of effect size. TRENDS in Sport Sciences, 1(21), 19–25.
Turner, G. L., Owen, S., & Watson, P. M. (2016). Addressing childhood obesity at school entry: Qualitative experienc-es of school health professionals. Journal of child health care : for professionals working with children in the hospital and community, 20(3), 304–313. https://doi.org/10.1177/1367493515587061
Uralov Sardor Abdulla o‘g‘li. (2022). Developing the physical qualities of young football players outside the class and preparing them for competitions. Academicia Globe: Inderscience Research, 3(12), 20–23. https://doi.org/10.17605/OSF.IO/RXHF8
Woods, C. T., McKeown, I., Haff, G. G., & Robertson, S. (2016). Comparison of athletic movement between elite junior and senior Australian football players. Journal of sports sciences, 34(13), 1260–1265. https://doi.org/10.1080/02640414.2015.1107185
Young, W., Grace, S., & Talpey, S. (2014). Association between leg power and sprinting technique with 20-m sprint performance in elite junior Australian football players. International Journal of Sports Science & Coaching, 9(5), 1153–1160. https://doi.org/10.1260/1747-9541.9.5.1153
Yang, S., & Chen, H. (2022). Physical characteristics of elite youth male football players aged 13-15 are based upon biological maturity. PeerJ, 10, e13282. https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj.13282
Zago, M., Lovecchio, N., & Galli, M. (2022). Players at home: Physical activity and quality of life in 12–17 years-old football (soccer) players during the Covid-19 lockdown. International Journal of Sports Science & Coaching, 17(3), 626–636. https://doi.org/10.1177/17479541211041703
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2024 Retos
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:
- Authors retain copyright and ensure the magazine the right to be the first publication of the work as licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgment of authorship of the work and the initial publication in this magazine.
- Authors can establish separate additional agreements for non-exclusive distribution of the version of the work published in the journal (eg, to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgment of its initial publication in this journal.
- Is allowed and authors are encouraged to disseminate their work electronically (eg, in institutional repositories or on their own website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as to a subpoena more Early and more of published work (See The Effect of Open Access) (in English).
This journal provides immediate open access to its content (BOAI, http://legacy.earlham.edu/~peters/fos/boaifaq.htm#openaccess) on the principle that making research freely available to the public supports a greater global exchange of knowledge. The authors may download the papers from the journal website, or will be provided with the PDF version of the article via e-mail.
