Efectividad del ejercicio terapéutico en la “Unified Huntington´s Disease Rating Scale” en pacientes diagnosticados de Enfermedad de Huntington (Effectiveness of therapeutic exercise on the “Unified Huntington´s Disease Rating Scale” in patients diagnosed with Huntington´s Disease)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v54.99363Palabras clave:
Ejercicio terapeútico, Enfermedad de Huntington, Fisioterapia, Rehabilitación, Unified Huntington Disease Rating ScaleResumen
Introducción: La Enfermedad de Huntington es un trastorno neurodegenerativo de herencia autosómica dominante caracterizado por presentar síntomas motores, cognitivos y psiquiátricos progresivos, para la cual no existe cura, solamente tratamiento sintomatológico. Esta revisión se lleva a cabo con el objetivo de determinar si el ejercicio terapéutico es efectivo en el tratamiento de esta patología, según los resultados obtenidos en la Unified Huntington Disease Rating Scale. Material y métodos: Se realizó una búsqueda en seis bases de datos (PubMed, Cinahl, Sportdiscus, Cochrane, PEDro y Web of Science) en el mes de enero de 2022, siguiendo el Preferred Reported Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis. Resultados: Se analizaron ocho ensayos clínicos aleatorizados, de entre los que se encontraron seis estudios con resultados significativos, con un impacto favorable en la dimensión motora de la UHDRS, además de otras variables como la frecuencia cardiaca, que también se ven beneficiadas durante la intervención; y dos estudios sin resultados positivos para la variable estudiada. Conclusión: El ejercicio terapéutico parece ser una herramienta de elección segura en el tratamiento de la Enfermedad de Huntington, pues se ha comprobado que el trabajo cardiovascular, combinado o no con fuerza, parece conseguir mejorías en la Unified Huntingon’s Disease Rating Scale, es decir, tiene un impacto positivo en la salud física y mental de este tipo de pacientes, aunque se necesitan unificar más los protocolos de intervención y continuar investigando.
Palabras Clave: Ejercicio terapéutico; Enfermedad de Huntington; Fisioterapia; Rehabilitación; “Unified Huntington Disease Rating Scale”.
Abstract. Introduction: Huntington’s Disease is a neurodegenerative disorder of autosomal dominant inheritance which presents progressive motor, cognitive and psychiatric symptoms. There is no cure, only symptomatic treatment. This review is fulfilled with the aim of stablishing if exercise therapy is effective in the treatment of this pathology, according to the results obtained in the Unified Huntington Disease Rating Scale. Methods: A bibliographic search was performed in six databases (PubMed, Cinahl, Sportdiscus, Cochrane, PEDro, and Web of Science) in January 2022, following the Preferred Reported Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis. Results: Eight randomized clinical trials were analyzed, among which six studies were found with significant results, with favorable impact on the motor dimension of the UHDRS, in addition to other variables such as heart rate, which are also favored during the intervention; and two studies without positive results for the variable. Conclusions: Exercise therapy seems to be a safe tool in treatment of Huntington’s Disease, as it has been proved that cardiovascular exercise, combined or not with strength training, seems to achieve improvements in the Unified Huntington’s Disease Rating Scale, therefore it has a positive impact on the physical and mental health of this type of patients, although intervention protocols need to be further unified, as well as keep on investigating.
Key Words: Exercise therapy; Huntingon’s Disease; Physical therapy; Rehabilitation; Unified Huntington’s Disease Rating Scale.
Citas
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