Análisis de la formación del profesorado hacia las prácticas educativas al aire libre (Analysis of teachers´preparation for outdoor learning activities)

Autores/as

  • Carlos Mañanas-Iglesias Social Impact and Innovation in Health (InHEALTH) Research Group, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Extremadura, 10003 Cáceres, Spain
  • Carmen Galán-Arroyo Promoting a Healthy Society Research Group (PheSO), Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Extremadura, 10003 Cáceres, Spain
  • Jorge Rojo-Ramos Social Impact and Innovation in Health (InHEALTH) Research Group, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Extremadura, 10003 Cáceres, Spain https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6542-7828
  • José Carmelo Adsuar Promoting a Healthy Society Research Group (PheSO), Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Extremadura, 10003 Cáceres, Spain

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v49.94076

Palabras clave:

naturaleza, educación, aire libre, educación física, profesorado, alumnado, beneficios, barreras

Resumen

La conexión con el medio natural se ofrece como un refuerzo importante de los procesos de enseñanza-aprendizaje. Las prácticas educativas al aire libre (PEAL) comprenden una metodología innovadora cuya presencia se hace cada vez más notable en los centros educativos, por los beneficios que aportan al alumnado. Estudios previos muestran estas mejorías, pero son pocos los que evalúan la formación del profesorado hacia estas prácticas, las diferencias entre centros y las necesidades para llevarlas a cabo. Por tanto, el presente estudio busca analizar la percepción de formación del profesorado de Educación Física (EF) de Extremadura hacia las PEAL, así como su práctica, comprobando posibles diferencias según la ubicación del centro y analizando las barreras que impiden su práctica Para ello, se contó con la participación de 274 especialistas de EF de entornos rurales y urbanos. Se utilizó un cuestionario compuesto por 11 cuestiones relativas al pensamiento que posee el profesorado sobre las prácticas educativas al aire libre. Y se realizó un análisis descriptivo para dar a conocer la realidad. Los resultados mostraron que el profesorado posee una baja percepción de formación en este ámbito (76.6%), siendo los de centros urbanos los que mejor percepción formativa tienen (75%). Aun así, su práctica es mayor en centros rurales (64,8%). Se ha concluido que el profesorado en general necesita aumentar su formación en PEAL, en mayor medida el profesorado de centros rurales y se debería potenciar su práctica, sobre todo en centros educativos urbanos donde se practica menos, entre otros por la falta de espacios naturales cercanos. Entre las barreras se encuentran las relacionadas con la administración, la falta de información y el riesgo que conlleva dicha práctica. Por ello, se precisaría del apoyo de la comunidad educativa y administraciones competentes para su implementación.

Palabras clave: Naturaleza, educación, prácticas al aire libre, educación física, profesorado, alumnado, beneficios, barreras.

Abstract. The connection with the natural environment is offered as an important reinforcement of the teaching-learning processes. Outdoor education practices (PEAL) comprise an innovative methodology whose presence is becoming more and more noticeable in schools, due to the benefits they bring to pupils. Previous studies have shown these improvements, but few have evaluated teacher training for these practices, the differences between schools and the needs to carry them out. Therefore, the present study seeks to analyse the perception of training of Physical Education (PE) teachers in Extremadura towards PEAL, as well as its practice, checking possible differences according to the location of the centre and analysing the barriers that impede its practice. 274 PE specialists from rural and urban environments participated in the study. A questionnaire consisting of 11 questions was used to assess teachers' thoughts on outdoor educational practices. A descriptive analysis was carried out in order to gain an insight into the reality. The results showed that teachers have a low perception of training in this area (76.6%), with those in urban centres having the best perception of training (75%). Even so, their practice is higher in rural centres (64.8%). It was concluded that teachers in general need to increase their training in PEAL, particularly teachers in rural schools, and that their practice should be promoted, especially in urban schools where it is less common, due to the lack of nearby natural spaces, among other reasons. Barriers include those related to administration, lack of information and the risk involved in this practice. Therefore, the support of the educational community and competent administrations would be necessary for its implementation.

Keywords: Nature, education, outdoors practice, physical education, teachers, students, benefits, barriers.

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Publicado

2023-06-28

Cómo citar

Mañanas-Iglesias, C., Galán-Arroyo, C., Rojo-Ramos, J., & Adsuar, J. C. (2023). Análisis de la formación del profesorado hacia las prácticas educativas al aire libre (Analysis of teachers´preparation for outdoor learning activities). Retos, 49, 970–977. https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v49.94076

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Artículos de carácter científico: trabajos de investigaciones básicas y/o aplicadas

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