Últimas Tendencias en el Análisis Técnico-Táctico del Voleibol de Alto Nivel. Revisión Sistemática (Latest Trends in Technical-Tactical Analysis of High-Level Volleyball. Systematic Review)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v46.91579Palabras clave:
Análisis notacional, rendimiento, deportes de equipo, competición, scoutingResumen
El análisis técnico-táctico se ha convertido en una pieza clave en el rendimiento del voleibol. Por tal motivo, el objetivo de esta revisión sistemática fue profundizar en las últimas tendencias de investigación aplicadas al análisis técnico-táctico del voleibol de alto nivel. Para ello, se llevó a cabo una revisión sistemática de la literatura siguiendo los criterios PRISMA, en el mes de febrero de 2022. Las bases de datos consultadas fueron SPORTDiscus, Web of Science y Scopus. Como resultado se obtuvieron un total de 1087 artículos, de los cuales finalmente 45 formaron parte de la revisión. Se identificaron tres tipos de variables independientes relacionadas con: el contexto social (ranking, calidad del rival y localización), el contexto personal (experiencia, género y edad) y la situación de partido (temporales o espaciales, rol, resultado y modelo de juego), y cinco tipos de variables dependientes relacionadas con: las acciones de juego (saque, recepción, ataque, colocación, acciones finales y acciones intermedias), la toma de decisiones, la variabilidad, las redes de juego y la relación entre jugadores. Como conclusión, queda reflejada la complejidad y multidimensionalidad que presenta el análisis técnico-táctico del voleibol de alto nivel, siendo necesario que los cuerpos técnicos se sitúen en una visión más específica u holística del juego en función de su objeto de estudio.
Palabras clave: análisis notacional, scouting, rendimiento, deportes de equipo, competición.
Abstract. Technical-tactical analysis has become a key element in volleyball performance. For this reason, the aim of this systematic review was to deepen in the latest research trends applied to technical-tactical analysis of high-level volleyball. To this end, a systematic review of the literature was carried out following the PRISMA criteria in February 2022. The databases consulted were SPORTDiscus, Web of Science and Scopus. As a result, a total of 1087 articles were obtained, from which 45 were finally included in the review. Three types of independent variables were identified related to: social context (ranking, quality of the opponent and location), personal context (experience, gender and age) and match situation (temporal or spatial, role, result and game model), and five types of dependent variables related to: game actions (serve, reception, attack, set, final actions and intermediate actions), decision making, variability, game networks and relationship between players. In conclusion, it is proved how complex and multidimensional technical-tactical analysis of high-level volleyball is, being necessary for coaching staff to decide whether to go for a more specific or holistic analysis of the game depending on the study aims.
Key words: notational analysis, scouting, performance, team sports, competition.
Citas
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