La potenciación post-activación en el salto vertical: una revisión (Post-activation potentiation in vertical jump: a review)

Autores/as

  • Moisés Picón-Martínez Universidad de Alicante, España
  • Iván Chulvi-Medrano Universidad de Alicante, España
  • Juan Manuel Cortell-Tormo Universidad de Alicante, España
  • Luis Alberto Cardozo Corporación Universitaria CENDA, Bogotá, D.C - Colombia https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8076-3304

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v36i36.66814

Palabras clave:

potenciación post-activación, salto en contramovimiento, entrenamiento complejo, potencia muscular (post-activation potentiation, countermovement jump, complex training, muscular power)

Resumen

La potenciación post-activación (PPA) ha demostrado ser una estrategia efectiva para incrementar el rendimiento de actividades de fuerza explosiva posteriores. El objetivo del presente trabajo fue revisar la literatura científica para conocer la metodología más efectiva en la obtención de PPA en el salto vertical. Se llevó a cabo una revisión en Medline, Scielo y SportDiscus hasta el 30 de Junio de 2018. Fueron mantenidas las directrices para el diseño de revisiones establecidas por PRISMA. La revisión localizó 37 estudios (n=659). La investigación disponible sugiere que la PPA puede obtenerse aplicando diferentes metodologías, siempre y cuando se respeten las dosis adecuadas de los parámetros: a) tipo de ejercicio y medio utilizado; b) intensidad y volumen del esfuerzo; c) descanso post-esfuerzo. La adecuada manipulación de estas variables permitirá incrementar el rendimiento explosivo en sujetos entrenados. No obstante, futuras investigaciones son necesarias para establecer una metodología que permita obtener PPA en menor tiempo y con mayor duración de sus efectos. 


Summary: Post-activation potentiation (PPA) has been demonstrated to be effective to increase performance subsequent activities on explosive force. The aim of this study was to review the scientific literature to determine the most effective methodology to obtain PPA in vertical jump. We conducted a review in Medline, Scielo, SportDiscus and Google Scholar up to June 30, 2018. The design guidelines were obtained from PRISMA for reviews. The review of works pinpointed 37 studies (n = 659). The available research suggests that PPA can be obtained by applying different methodologies, as long as the appropriate doses of the parameters are respected: a) type of exercise and tools used; b) intensity and volume of effort; c) rest post effort. Proper design of these variables will increase the explosive performance in trained subjects. However, further research is needed to establish a methodology to achieve PPA in less time and with greater duration of its effects.

Biografía del autor/a

Moisés Picón-Martínez , Universidad de Alicante, España

Doctorando en Ciencias de la Actividad Física y el Deporte. Universidad de Alicante.

Iván Chulvi-Medrano , Universidad de Alicante, España

Profesor asociado de la Universidad de Alicante. 

Doctor en Ciencias de la Actividad Física y el Deporte.Licenciado en Ciencias de la Actividad Física y el Deporte.Director Sector Fitness European Academy ValenciaInstituto Internacional del Deporte y las Ciencias Aplicadas.Delegado-Profesor NSCA Spain Comunidad Valenciana.T-Bow fitness investigación-desarrollo y formación.
Asesor de entrenamiento físico y salud. Especialista en salud y desequilibrios motrices y patologías.

Juan Manuel Cortell-Tormo , Universidad de Alicante, España

Doctor en Ciencias de la Actividad Física y el Deporte.

Profesor Universidad de Alicante. 

Luis Alberto Cardozo , Corporación Universitaria CENDA, Bogotá, D.C - Colombia

Docente - Investigador Programa de Entrenamiento Deportivo, Corporación Universitaria CENDA, Bogotá, D.C - Colombia.

Docente - Investigador Facultad de Educación Física, Recreación y Deporte, Corporación Universitaria Minuto de Dios - Uniminuto, Bogotá, D.C - Colombia

 

Citas

Andrews, T. R., Mackey, T., Inkrott, T. A., Murray, S. R., Clark, I. E., & Pettitt, R. W. (2011). Effect of hang cleans or squats paired with countermovement vertical jumps on vertical displacement. J Strength Cond Res, 25(9), 2448-2452. doi: 10.1519/JSC.0b013e3182001696

Baudry, S., & Duchateau, J. (2004). Postactivation potentiation in human muscle is not related to the type of maximal conditioning contraction. Muscle & nerve, 30(3), 328-336.

Berning, J. M., Adams, K. J., DeBeliso, M., Sevene-Adams, P. G., Harris, C., & Stamford, B. A. (2010). Effect of functional isometric squats on vertical jump in trained and untrained men. J Strength Cond Res, 24(9), 2285-2289. doi: 10.1519 / JSC.0b013e3181e7ff9a

Boullosa, D., Del Rosso, S., Behm, D. G., & Foster, C. (2018). Post-activation potentiation (PAP) in endurance sports: A review. European Journal of Sport Science, 18(5), 595-610. doi: 10.1080/17461391.2018.1438519

Boullosa, D. A., Abreu, L., Beltrame, L. G., & Behm, D. G. (2013). The acute effect of different half squat set configurations on jump potentiation. J Strength Cond Res, 27(8), 2059-2066. doi: 10.1519/JSC.0b013e31827ddf15

Boullosa, D. A., & Tuimil, J. L. (2009). Postactivation potentiation in distance runners after two different field running protocols. J Strength Cond Res, 23(5), 1560-1565. doi: 10.1519 / JSC.0b013e3181a3ce61

Brocherie, F., Babault, N., Cometti, G., Maffiuletti, N., & Chatard, J.-C. (2005). Electrostimulation training effects on the physical performance of ice hockey players. Med Sci Sports Exerc, 37(3), 455-460.

Clark, R. A., Bryant, A. L., & Reaburn, P. (2006). The acute effects of a single set of contrast preloading on a loaded countermovement jump training session. J Strength Cond Res, 20(1), 162-166.

Crewther, B. T., Kilduff, L. P., Cook, C. J., Middleton, M. K., Bunce, P. J., & Yang, G.-Z. (2011). The acute potentiating effects of back squats on athlete performance. J Strength Cond Res, 25(12), 3319-3325. doi: 10.1519/JSC.0b013e318215f560

Crum, A. J., Kawamori, N., Stone, M. H., & Haff, G. G. (2012). The acute effects of moderately loaded concentric-only quarter squats on vertical jump performance. J Strength Cond Res, 26(4), 914-925. doi: 10.1519/JSC.0b013e318248d79c

Chen, Z.-R., Wang, Y.-H., Peng, H.-T., Yu, C.-F., & Wang, M.-H. (2013). The acute effect of drop jump protocols with different volumes and recovery time on countermovement jump performance. J Strength Cond Res, 27(1), 154-158. doi: 10.1519/JSC.0b013e3182518407

Dello Iacono, A., Martone, D., & Padulo, J. (2016). Acute Effects of Drop-Jump Protocols on Explosive Performances of Elite Handball Players. J Strength Cond Res, 30(11), 3122-3133. doi: 10.1519/jsc.0000000000001393

Donti, O., Tsolakis, C., & Bogdanis, G. C. (2014). Effects of baseline levels of flexibility and vertical jump ability on performance following different volumes of static stretching and potentiating exercises in elite gymnasts. J Sports Sci Med, 13(1), 105.

Esformes, J. I., Cameron, N., & Bampouras, T. M. (2010). Postactivation potentiation following different modes of exercise. J Strength Cond Res, 24(7), 1911-1916. doi: 10.1519/JSC.0b013e3181dc47f8

Evetovich, T. K., Conley, D. S., & McCawley, P. F. (2015). Postactivation Potentiation Enhances Upper-and Lower-Body Athletic Performance in Collegiate Male and Female Athletes. J Strength Cond Res, 29(2), 336-342. doi: 10.1519/JSC.0000000000000728

Fletcher, I. M. (2013). An investigation into the effect of a pre-performance strategy on jump performance. J Strength Cond Res, 27(1), 107-115. doi: 10.1519/JSC.0b013e3182517ffb

Fukutani, A., Takei, S., Hirata, K., Miyamoto, N., Kanehisa, H., & Kawakami, Y. (2014). Influence of the intensity of squat exercises on the subsequent jump performance. J Strength Cond Res, 28(8), 2236-2243. doi: 10.1519/JSC.0000000000000409

García-Pinillos, F., Soto-Hermoso, V. M., & Latorre-Román, P. A. (2015). Acute effects of extended interval training on countermovement jump and handgrip strength performance in endurance athletes: Postactivation potentiation. J Strength Cond Res, 29(1), 11-21. doi: 10.1519/JSC.0000000000000591

Golas, A., Wilk, M., Stastny, P., Maszczyk, A., Pajerska, K., & Zajac, A. (2017). Optimizing Half Squat Postactivation Potential Load in Squat Jump Training for Eliciting Relative Maximal Power in Ski Jumpers. J Strength Cond Res, 31(11), 3010-3017. doi: 10.1519/JSC.0000000000001917

Gouvêa, A. L., Fernandes, I. A., César, E. P., Silva, W. A. B., & Gomes, P. S. C. (2013). The effects of rest intervals on jumping performance: A meta-analysis on post-activation potentiation studies. Journal of Sports Sciences, 31(5), 459-467.

Hamada, T., Sale, D. G., MacDougall, J. D., & Tarnopolsky, M. A. (2000). Postactivation potentiation, fiber type, and twitch contraction time in human knee extensor muscles. Journal of Applied Physiology, 88(6), 2131-2137.

Hamada, T., Sale, D. G., MacDougall, J. D., & Tarnopolsky, M. A. (2003). Interaction of fibre type, potentiation and fatigue in human knee extensor muscles. Acta Physiologica Scandinavica, 178(2), 165-173. doi: 10.1046/j.1365-201X.2003.01121.x

Herrero, J., Izquierdo, M., Maffiuletti, N., & García-López, J. (2006). Electromyostimulation and plyometric training effects on jumping and sprint time. Int J Sports Med, 27(7), 533-539. doi: 10.1055/s-2005-865845

Hodgson, M., Docherty, D., & Robbins, D. (2005). Post-activation potentiation. Sports Medicine, 35(7), 585-595.

Hough, P. A., Ross, E. Z., & Howatson, G. (2009). Effects of dynamic and static stretching on vertical jump performance and electromyographic activity. J Strength Cond Res, 23(2), 507-512. doi: 10.1519/JSC.0b013e31818cc65d

Hughes, J. D., Massiah, R. G., & Clarke, R. D. (2016). The Potentiating Effect of an Accentuated Eccentric Load on Countermovement Jump Performance. J Strength Cond Res, 30(12), 3450-3455. doi: 10.1519/jsc.0000000000001455

Kallerud, H., & Gleeson, N. (2013). Effects of Stretching on Performances Involving Stretch-Shortening Cycles. Sports Medicine, 43(8), 733-750. doi: 10.1007/s40279-013-0053-x

Kilduff, L. P., Owen, N., Bevan, H., Bennett, M., Kingsley, M. I., & Cunningham, D. (2008). Influence of recovery time on post-activation potentiation in professional rugby players. Journal of Sports Sciences, 26(8), 795-802. doi: 10.1080/02640410701784517

Lamont, H. S., Cramer, J. T., Bemben, D. A., Shehab, R. L., Anderson, M. A., & Bemben, M. G. (2009). Effects of a 6-week periodized squat training program with or without whole-body vibration on jump height and power output following acute vibration exposure. J Strength Cond Res, 23(8), 2317-2325. doi: 10.1519/JSC.0b013e3181b3e1dc

Lamont, H. S., Cramer, J. T., Bemben, D. A., Shehab, R. L., Anderson, M. A., & Bemben, M. G. (2010). The acute effect of whole-body low-frequency vibration on countermovement vertical jump performance in college-aged men. J Strength Cond Res, 24(12), 3433-3442. doi: 10.1519/JSC.0b013e3181c1ff7e

Latorre-Román, P. Á., García-Pinillos, F., Martínez-López, E. J., & Soto-Hermoso, V. M. (2014). Concurrent fatigue and postactivation potentiation during extended interval training in long-distance runners. Motriz: Revista de Educação Física, 20(4), 423-430. doi: dx.doi.org/10.1590/S1980-65742014000400009

Lima, J. C., Marin, D. P., Barquilha, G., Da Silva, L., Puggina, E., Pithon-Curi, T., & Hirabara, S. (2011). Acute Effects of Drop Jump Potentiation Protocol on Sprint and Countermovement Vertical Jump Performance. Human Movement, 12(4), 324-330. doi: 10.2478/v10038-011-0036-4

Lin, W. L., Yen, K. T., Doris Lu, C. Y., Huang, Y. H., & Chang, C. K. (2006). Anaerobic capacity of elite Taiwanese Taekwondo athletes. Sci Sports, 21(5), 291-293. doi: 10.1016/j.scispo.2006.04.005

Lowery, R. P., Duncan, N. M., Loenneke, J. P., Sikorski, E. M., Naimo, M. A., Brown, L. E., . . . Wilson, J. M. (2012). The effects of potentiating stimuli intensity under varying rest periods on vertical jump performance and power. J Strength Cond Res, 26(12), 3320-3325. doi: 10.1519/JSC.0b013e318270fc56

Maffiuletti, N. A., Cometti, G., Amiridis, I. G., Martin, A., Pousson, M., & Chatard, J. C. (2000). The Effects of Electromyo-stimulation Training and Basketball Practice on Muscle Strength and Jumping Ability. Int J Sports Med, 21(6), 437-443.

Maffiuletti, N. A., Pensini, M., & Martin, A. (2002). Activation of human plantar flexor muscles increases after electromyostimulation training. Journal of Applied Physiology, 92(4), 1383-1392.

Maio Alves, J. M., Rebelo, A. N., Abrantes, C., & Sampaio, J. (2010). Short-term effects of complex and contrast training in soccer players' vertical jump, sprint, and agility abilities. J Strength Cond Res, 24(4), 936-941. doi: 10.1519/JSC.0b013e3181c7c5fd

McCann, M. R., & Flanagan, S. P. (2010). The effects of exercise selection and rest interval on postactivation potentiation of vertical jump performance. J Strength Cond Res, 24(5), 1285-1291. doi: 10.1519/JSC.0b013e3181d6867c

Mettler, J. A., & Griffin, L. (2012). Postactivation potentiation and muscular endurance training. Muscle & nerve, 45(3), 416-425.

Moher, D., Liberati, A., Tetzlaff, J., Altman, D. G., & Group, P. (2010). Preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses: the PRISMA statement. International Journal of Surgery, 8(5), 336-341. doi: 10.2478/v10038-011-0036-4

Mola, J. N., Bruce-Low, S. S., & Burnet, S. J. (2014). Optimal recovery time for postactivation potentiation in professional soccer players. J Strength Cond Res, 28(6), 1529-1537. doi: 10.1519/JSC.0000000000000313

Naclerio Ayllón, F. J. (2010). Entrenamiento deportivo: fundamentos y aplicaciones en diferentes deportes. Madrid: Editorial Médica Panamericana.

Naclerio, F., Faigenbaum, A. D., Larumbe-Zabala, E., Ratamess, N. A., Kang, J., Friedman, P., & Ross, R. E. (2014). Effectiveness of different postactivation potentiation protocols with and without whole body vibration on jumping performance in college athletes. J Strength Cond Res, 28(1), 232-239. doi: 10.1519/JSC.0b013e318295d7fb

Naclerio, F., Rodríguez-Romo, G., Barriopedro-Moro, M. I., Jiménez, A., Alvar, B. A., & Triplett, N. T. (2011). Control of resistance training intensity by the OMNI perceived exertion scale. J Strength Cond Res, 25(7), 1879-1888. doi: 10.1519/JSC.0b013e3181e501e9

Picón, M., Chulvi-Medrano, I., Cortell-Tormo, J. M., Rial, T., & Rodríguez-Pérez, M. (2015). Efectos inmediatos sobre la potenciación post-activación utilizando oclusión parcial superimpuesta. Archivos de medicina del deporte: revista de la Federación Española de Medicina del Deporte y de la Confederación Iberoamericana de Medicina del Deporte(170), 368-373.

Rassier, D., & Macintosh, B. (2000). Coexistence of potentiation and fatigue in skeletal muscle. Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research, 33(5), 499-508.

Requena, B., de Villarreal, E. S.-S., Gapeyeva, H., Ereline, J., García, I., & Pääsuke, M. (2011). Relationship between postactivation potentiation of knee extensor muscles, sprinting and vertical jumping performance in professional soccer players. J Strength Cond Res, 25(2), 367-373. doi: 10.1519/JSC.0b013e3181be31aa

Rhea, M. R., Alvar, B. A., Burkett, L. N., & Ball, S. D. (2003). A meta-analysis to determine the dose response for strength development. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, 35(3), 456-464.

Robbins, D. W. (2005). Postactivation potentiation and its practical applicability. J Strength Cond Res, 19(2), 453-458.

Sale, D. G. (2002). Postactivation potentiation: role in human performance. Exercise and sport sciences reviews, 30(3), 138-143.

Sapstead, G., & Duncan, M. (2013). Acute Effect of Isometric Mid-Thigh Pulls on Postactivation Potentiation during Stretch-Shortening Cycle and Non-Stretch-Shortening Cycle Vertical Jumps. Med Sport, 17(1), 7-11. doi: 10.5604/17342260.1041878

Scott, S. L., & Docherty, D. (2004). Acute effects of heavy preloading on vertical and horizontal jump performance. J Strength Cond Res, 18(2), 201-205.

Seitz, L. B., & Haff, G. G. (2016). Factors modulating post-activation potentiation of jump, sprint, throw, and upper-body ballistic performances: A systematic review with meta-analysis. Sports Med., 46(2), 231-240. doi: 10.1007/s40279-015-0415-7

Suchomel, T. J., Lamont, H. S., & Moir, G. L. (2016). Understanding Vertical Jump Potentiation: A Deterministic Model. Sports Medicine, 46(6), 809-828. doi: 10.1007/s40279-015-0466-9

Till, K. A., & Cooke, C. (2009). The effects of postactivation potentiation on sprint and jump performance of male academy soccer players. J Strength Cond Res, 23(7), 1960-1967. doi: 10.1519/JSC.0b013e3181b8666e

Tillin, M. N. A., & Bishop, D. (2009). Factors modulating post-activation potentiation and its effect on performance of subsequent explosive activities. Sports Medicine, 39(2), 147-166.

Tobin, D. P., & Delahunt, E. (2014). The acute effect of a plyometric stimulus on jump performance in professional rugby players. J Strength Cond Res, 28(2), 367-372. doi: 10.1519/JSC.0b013e318299a214

Thomas, K., Toward, A., West, D., Howatson, G., & Goodall, S. (2017). Heavy‐resistance exercise‐induced increases in jump performance are not explained by changes in neuromuscular function. Scand J Med Sci Sports., 27(1), 35-44. doi: 10.1111/sms.12626.

Turki, O., Chaouachi, A., Drinkwater, E. J., Chtara, M., Chamari, K., Amri, M., & Behm, D. G. (2011). Ten minutes of dynamic stretching is sufficient to potentiate vertical jump performance characteristics. J Strength Cond Res, 25(9), 2453-2463. doi: 10.1519/JSC.0b013e31822a5a79

Turner, A. P., Sanderson, M. F., & Attwood, L. A. (2011). The acute effect of different frequencies of whole-body vibration on countermovement jump performance. J Strength Cond Res, 25(6), 1592-1597.

Vandenboom, R., Grange, R. W., & Houston, M. E. (1995). Myosin phosphorylation enhances rate of force development in fast-twitch skeletal muscle. American Journal of Physiology - Cell Physiology, 268(3), C596-C603.

Vandervoort, A., Quinlan, J., & McComas, A. (1983). Twitch potentiation after voluntary contraction. Experimental neurology, 81(1), 141-152.

Voelzke, M., Stutzig, N., Thorhauer, H.-A., & Granacher, U. (2012). Promoting lower extremity strength in elite volleyball players: Effects of two combined training methods. Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport, 15(5), 457-462. doi: 10.1016/j.jsams.2012.02.004

Wilmore, J. H., Kenney, L. W., & Costill, D. L. (2014). Fisiología del deporte y el ejercicio (Vol. 5 ed). Madrid: Médica Panamericana.

Descargas

Archivos adicionales

Publicado

2019-07-01

Cómo citar

Picón-Martínez, M., Chulvi-Medrano, I., Cortell-Tormo, J. M., & Cardozo, L. A. (2019). La potenciación post-activación en el salto vertical: una revisión (Post-activation potentiation in vertical jump: a review). Retos, 36, 44–51. https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v36i36.66814

Número

Sección

Artículos de carácter científico: trabajos de investigaciones básicas y/o aplicadas

Artículos más leídos del mismo autor/a