Efectos de los modelos de entrenamiento polarizado y piramidal con o sin mindfulness, sobre el tiempo de carrera y rendimiento corredores recreativos: Protocolo de un ensayo controlado aleatorizado (Effects of polarized and pyramidal training, with or without mindfulness, on race time and performance in amateur runners: Protocol for a randomized controlled trial)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v60.106895Palabras clave:
Español, Distribución de intensidades del entrenamiento, conciencia plena, corredores recreativos, tiempo de carrera, composición corporal, entrenamiento polarizado, entrenamiento pyramidal.Resumen
Problema: Las carreras de calle en atletismo han aumentado a nivel mundial en los últimos años, lo cual ha llevado a un crecimiento de corredores recreativos (AR). A pesar de este crecimiento, las investigaciones dirigidas a esta población son escasas y con debilidades metodológicas. Un tema de interés reciente en los AR son los efectos de la distribución de intensidades del entrenamiento (TID) y el mindfulness sobre el tiempo de carrera (RT), sin embargo, no hay suficiente evidencia que permita un consenso entre científicos, entrenadores y deportistas. Objetivo: Comparar los efectos de cuatro programas de entrenamiento con modelos de TID polarizado y piramidal sobre el RT en 10 km, los umbrales ventilatorios uno y dos, la velocidad aeróbica máxima, el consumo máximo de oxígeno y la composición corporal en AR. Método: Ensayo clínico controlado aleatorizado de cuatro brazos en paralelo. Los grupos de estudio incluyen dos con modelo de TID polarizado y dos con modelo de TID piramidal, ambos combinados con y sin un programa de mindfulness durante 12 semanas. La práctica de mindfulness consistirá en 65 minutos por semana a través de sesiones individuales y talleres grupales. Discusión: La práctica del atletismo recreativo está en aumento; sin embargo, el efecto de TID y el mindfulness sobre el RT en esta población no ha sido estudiado extensamente.
Palabras claves: Distribución de intensidades del entrenamiento, conciencia plena, corredores recreativos, tiempo de carrera, composición corporal, entrenamiento polarizado, entrenamiento piramidal.
Abstract. Problem: Road races in athletics has increased worldwide in recent years, leading to a growth in amateur runners (AR). Despite this growth, research aimed at this population is scarce and has methodological weaknesses. One topic of recent interest in AR is the effects of training intensity distribution (TID) and mindfulness on race time (RT); however, there is not enough evidence to establish a consensus among scientists, trainers, and athletes. Objective: To compare the effects of four training programs with polarized and pyramidal TID models on 10 km RT, ventilatory thresholds one and two, maximum aerobic speed, maximum oxygen consumption and body composition in AR. Method: A randomized controlled clinical trial with four parallel arms. The study groups include two with a polarized TID model and two with a pyramidal TID model, both combined with and without a mindfulness program over 12 weeks. Mindfulness practice will consist of 65 minutes per week through individual sessions and group workshops. Discussion: The practice of recreational athletics is increasing; however, the effect of TID and mindfulness on RT in this population have not been extensively studied.
Keywords: Training intensity distribution, mindfulness, amateur runners, race time, body composition, polarized training, pyramidal training.
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