Los efectos beneficiosos de seis semanas de ejercicio de natación sobre la hormona del crecimiento y los niveles de cortisol en ratones macho (Mus musculus) (The beneficial effects of six weeks of swimming exercise on growth hormone and cortisol levels in male mice (Mus musculus))
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v59.109107Palabras clave:
Growth hormone, cortisol, morning exercise, afternoon exercise, metabolismResumen
Este estudio tuvo como objetivo demostrar los efectos del ejercicio de natación de intensidad moderada por la mañana y por la noche durante 6 semanas sobre el aumento de los niveles de la hormona del crecimiento (GH) y la disminución de los niveles de cortisol en ratones macho (Mus musculus). Esta investigación es un estudio verdaderamente experimental con un diseño de prueba posterior a un grupo de control aleatorio. Un total de 33 ratones macho (Mus musculus) de ocho semanas de edad que pesaban entre 20 y 40 gramos se dividieron aleatoriamente en tres grupos: CN (n = 11; control sin intervención), ME (n = 11; ejercicio matutino) y AE. (n = 11; ejercicio vespertino). Se realizaron ejercicios matutinos y vespertinos de intensidad moderada durante 30 minutos por sesión con una frecuencia de 3 veces por semana durante 6 semanas. Se utilizó ELISA para evaluar los niveles de GH y cortisol posteriores a la prueba en todas las muestras. El análisis de los datos se realizó mediante ANOVA unidireccional, seguido de la prueba post hoc de diferencia honestamente significativa (HSD) de Tukey, con un nivel de significancia de p ≤ 0,05. Los resultados revelaron diferencias en el aumento de los niveles de GH entre ME vs CN (5,71±0,88 vs 2,54±0,21 ng/mL, p=0,001), AE vs CN (7,18±1,66 vs 2,54±0,21 ng/mL, p=0,001) y AE vs EM (7,18±1,66 vs 5,71±0,88 ng/mL, p=0,009). De manera similar, la disminución en los niveles de cortisol difirió entre ME vs CN (6,62±2,37 vs 10,69±4,38 ng/mL, p=0,004), AE vs CN (2,18±0,99 vs 10,69±4,38 ng/mL, p=0,001), y grupos AE vs ME (2,18±0,99 vs 6,62±2,37 ng/mL, p=0,008). Este estudio reveló que ambas duraciones de ejercicio aumentaron significativamente los niveles de la hormona del crecimiento y disminuyeron los niveles de cortisol en ratones macho (Mus musculus). Sin embargo, el ejercicio nocturno de intensidad moderada fue más eficaz para aumentar los niveles de la hormona del crecimiento y disminuir los niveles de cortisol que el ejercicio matutino de intensidad moderada en ratones macho (Mus musculus).
Palabras clave: Hormona del crecimiento, cortisol, ejercicio matutino, ejercicio vespertino, metabolismo
Abstract. This study aimed to demonstrate the effects of moderate-intensity swimming exercise in the morning and evening over 6 weeks on the increase in growth hormone (GH) levels and the decrease in cortisol levels in male mice (Mus musculus). This research is a true-experimental study with a randomized control group posttest-only design. A total of 33 eight-week-old male mice (Mus musculus) weighing 20–40 grams were randomly divided into three groups: CN (n = 11; control without intervention), ME (n = 11; morning exercise), and AE (n = 11; afternoon exercise). Morning and evening exercises with moderate intensity were conducted for 30 minutes per session with a frequency of 3 times per week for 6 weeks. ELISA was used to evaluate posttest GH and cortisol levels in all samples. Data analysis was performed via one-way ANOVA, followed by Tukey’s honestly significant difference (HSD) post hoc test, with a significance level of p ≤ 0.05. The results revealed differences in the increase in GH levels between ME vs CN (5.71±0.88 vs 2.54±0.21 ng/mL, p=0.001), AE vs CN (7.18±1.66 vs 2.54±0.21 ng/mL, p=0.001), and AE vs ME (7.18±1.66 vs 5.71±0.88 ng/mL, p=0.009). Similarly, the decrease in cortisol levels differed among the ME vs CN (6.62±2.37 vs 10.69±4.38 ng/mL, p=0.004), AE vs CN (2.18±0.99 vs 10.69±4.38 ng/mL, p=0.001), and AE vs ME (2.18±0.99 vs 6.62±2.37 ng/mL, p=0.008) groups. This study revealed that both exercise durations significantly increased growth hormone levels and decreased cortisol levels in male mice (Mus musculus). However, evening exercise with moderate intensity was more effective at increasing growth hormone levels and decreasing cortisol levels than morning exercise with moderate intensity in male mice (Mus musculus).
Keywords: Growth hormone, cortisol, morning exercise, afternoon exercise, metabolism
Citas
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