Análisis de los niveles de riesgo de lesión en futbolistas jóvenes: Una revisión de las pantallas de movimiento funcional y las puntuaciones de equilibrio estático (Analysis of injury risk levels in young footballers: A review of functional movement screens and static balance scores)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v58.107683Palabras clave:
Lesiones deportivas, FMS, Estado físico, FútbolResumen
Una lesión o herida es un daño en la estructura o función del cuerpo debido a una fuerza o presión física. Este estudio pretende analizar el riesgo de lesión en jóvenes futbolistas en función del Functional Movement Screen (FMS) basado en puntuaciones de equilibrio estático. Este estudio utilizó un método de investigación observacional descriptivo. Los sujetos fueron 31 jóvenes futbolistas (edad 13,6±0,5 años, IMC 19,5±2,2 kg/m², DT 15,5±10 meses). El instrumento de recogida de datos fue el FMS y el Stand Stork Test (SST). A continuación, los datos se analizaron mediante estadística descriptiva. Este estudio halló que la puntuación FMS con una categoría de alto riesgo de lesión fue del 6,45% en la categoría mala del SST. Mientras tanto, las puntuaciones FMS en la categoría de riesgo de lesión moderado fueron del 19,35% en la categoría SST moderado, del 32,25% en la categoría SST pobre y del 3,25% en la categoría SST muy pobre. Las puntuaciones FMS en la categoría de bajo riesgo de lesión fueron del 6,45% en la categoría TSM moderada y del 32,25% en la categoría TSM deficiente. La conclusión es que los alumnos de la academia de fútbol SPSS tienen un riesgo potencial de lesión en la categoría moderado y un nivel de equilibrio estático en la categoría menos. Además, tras revisar los resultados de las puntuaciones de FMS en función de las puntuaciones de SST, se puede concluir que las puntuaciones de FMS en la categoría moderada se encuentran en muestras con SST de categoría pobre, lo que supone un 32,25%. Este estudio sugiere mejorar el equilibrio estático para prevenir el riesgo de lesiones deportivas en futbolistas jóvenes. También se recomiendan investigaciones similares en el futuro, especialmente la que utiliza otras variables de componentes físicos y diferentes características de la muestra de investigación.
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