Article RETRACTED due to manipulation by the authors Revisión Jurídica de Casos de Acoso Escolar a Alumnos con Discapacidad en Actividades de Aprendizaje de Educación Física en Centros Escolares: Una revisión sistemática (Legal Review of Bullying Cases against Students with Disabilities in Physical Education Learning at Schools: A Systematic Review)
Article RETRACTED due to manipulation by the authors
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v57.107448Palabras clave:
Keywords: Legal Review, Bullying Cases, Students with Disabilities, Physical Education, SchoolsResumen
Esta investigación tiene como objetivo examinar la revisión legal de los casos de acoso contra estudiantes con discapacidad en el aprendizaje de la educación física en la escuela. La investigación se llevó a cabo utilizando el método de revisión sistemática de la literatura. Para lograr los objetivos, los datos se obtuvieron utilizando el software Scispace de bases de datos eruditas en línea, como Scopus y DOAJ. Se centró en artículos publicados entre 2019 - 2024. Los artículos se seleccionaron en función de los criterios de inclusión: artículos publicados en revistas internacionales indexadas en las bases de datos Scopus y DOAJ. La investigación empleó ciertas palabras clave: "Casos de acoso escolar", "Estudiantes con discapacidad" y "Actividades de aprendizaje de educación física". A partir de los resultados de la búsqueda, se encontraron inicialmente 90 artículos en revistas indexadas en Scopus y DOAJ. A continuación, estos artículos se examinaron de nuevo para generar finalmente 10 artículos. Se seleccionaron los que coincidían con el tema y cumplían los requisitos de inclusión. Para el análisis de los datos se utilizó una operacionalización estándar denominada método PRISMA. Los resultados de esta revisión de la literatura encontraron varias conclusiones, incluyendo (1) Un enfoque de colaboración a largo plazo es más eficaz para reducir el acoso entre los estudiantes con discapacidades, haciendo hincapié en la importancia de la colaboración entre estudiantes, profesores y padres, (2) El desarrollo de programas deportivos especiales en curso puede capacitar a estos estudiantes e identificar las barreras de participación, (3) Es necesario un marco estratégico, que incluya la identificación de problemas, la planificación, la aplicación y la evaluación, para crear un entorno de aprendizaje seguro e integrador, junto con un enfoque de estudios culturales para comprender la interacción entre la cultura, la ley y los derechos de los discapacitados, (4) La formación intensiva del profesorado es crucial para satisfacer las necesidades individuales de los alumnos y adaptar las estrategias de aprendizaje. Por último,(5) existe una brecha significativa en el acceso a la educación inclusiva en línea para los estudiantes con discapacidad, lo que requiere políticas que garanticen la igualdad de oportunidades de aprendizaje a través de la tecnología.
Palabras clave: Revisión legal, casos de acoso escolar, estudiantes con discapacidad, educación física, escuelas
Abstract. This research aims to examine the legal review of bullying cases against students with disabilities in physical education learning at school. The research was conducted using the systematic literature review method. To achieve the objectives, data were obtained using Scispace software from online scholar databases, such as Scopus and DOAJ. It focused on articles published between 2019 - 2024. The articles were selected based on inclusion criteria: articles published in international journals indexed in Scopus and DOAJ databases. The research employed certain keywords: “Bullying Cases”, “Students with Disabilities”, and “Physical Education Learning Activities”. Based on the search results, 90 articles were initially found in journals indexed in Scopus and DOAJ. Next, these articles were screened again to finally generate 10 articles. They were selected that matched the theme and met the inclusion requirements. The data analysis involved a standard operationalization called the PRISMA method. The results of this literature review found several conclusions, including (1) A long-term, collaborative approach is most effective in reducing bullying among students with disabilities, emphasizing the importance of collaboration among students, teachers, and parents, (2) Developing ongoing special sports programs can empower these students and identify participation barriers, (3) A strategic framework, including problem identification, planning, implementation, and evaluation, is necessary to create a safe and inclusive learning environment, alongside a cultural studies approach to understand the interplay between culture, law, and disability rights, (4) Intensive teacher training is crucial to meet individual student needs and adapt learning strategies. Finally,(5) There is a significant gap in access to online inclusive education for students with disabilities, necessitating policies to ensure equal learning opportunities through technology.
Keywords: Legal review, Bullying cases, Students with disabilities, Physical education, Schools
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