Fortaleza mental: ¿existen diferencias entre deportistas y no deportistas, niveles educativos y género? (Mental toughness: are there differences between athletes and non-athletes, education levels, and gender?)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v58.107330Palabras clave:
deportistas y no deportistas, fortaleza mental, psicología del deporte, estudiantesResumen
Se cree que la fortaleza mental es una construcción que contribuye en gran medida al éxito de una persona, tanto en contextos deportivos como no deportivos. Sin embargo, no hay muchos estudios que examinen las diferencias en la fortaleza mental según los atletas y los no atletas, el nivel educativo y el género. Por lo tanto, este estudio tiene como objetivo examinar las diferencias en la fortaleza mental según los atletas y no atletas, el nivel educativo y el género. En este estudio participaron un total de 244 personas con una edad media de 18,36 ± 2,17 años. Los datos se analizaron de forma descriptiva y mediante ANOVA unidireccional. Los resultados del estudio muestran que existen diferencias significativas en la fortaleza mental según deportistas y no deportistas (F = 10,865; p ≤ 0,01), nivel educativo (F = 9,816; p ≤ 0,01) y género (F = 12,500; p ≤ 0,01). Los sujetos de investigación, como atletas, estudiantes y hombres, tuvieron puntuaciones promedio de fortaleza mental más altas que los no atletas, estudiantes y mujeres. En otras palabras, los atletas, estudiantes y sujetos masculinos tienen relativamente mejor fortaleza mental, por lo que son menos susceptibles a experimentar trastornos psicológicos excesivos como el estrés y la depresión.
Palabras clave: psicología del deporte, fortaleza mental, deportistas y no deportistas, estudiantes.
Abstract. Mental toughness is believed to be a construct that contributes greatly to a person's success, both in sports and non-sports contexts. However, there are not many studies that examine differences in mental toughness based on athletes and non-athletes, education level, and gender. Therefore, this study aims to examine differences in mental toughness based on athletes and non-athletes, education level, and gender. A total of 244 people were involved in this study with an average age of 18.36 ± 2.17 years. Data were analyzed descriptively and using one-way ANOVA. The results of the study show that there are significant differences in mental toughness based on athletes and non-athletes (F = 10.865; p ≤ .01), education level (F = 9.816; p ≤ .01), and gender (F = 12.500; p ≤ .01). Research subjects such as athletes, students and men had higher average mental toughness scores than non-athletes, students, and women. In other words, athletes, students, and male subjects relatively have better mental toughness so they are less susceptible to experiencing excessive psychological disorders such as stress and depression.
Keywords: sports psychology, mental toughness, athletes and non-athletes, students
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