Práctica masiva, práctica distribuida y habilidad motora: ¿cuál afecta las habilidades de ataque de esgrima utilizando objetivos en movimiento? (Massed practice, distributed practice, and motor ability: Which one affects fencing attack skills using moving targets?)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v59.107154Palabras clave:
Métodos de aprendizaje, práctica masiva, práctica distribuida, habilidad motora, ataques de esgrimaResumen
El objetivo principal de esta investigación fue determinar la influencia de los métodos de aprendizaje y las habilidades motoras en los resultados del aprendizaje de las habilidades de ataque en esgrima. En este estudio se utilizó un diseño factorial 2 x 2 para investigar dos métodos de aprendizaje (práctica masiva y práctica distribuida) y dos categorías de habilidad motora (alta y baja). En este estudio participaron un total de 40 estudiantes y se dividieron en cuatro grupos (A1B1, A1B2, A2B1 y A2B2), cada grupo constaba de 10 personas. Cada grupo recibió tratamiento durante 16 reuniones. Los datos de la investigación se analizaron mediante la prueba t y el análisis de varianza a un nivel de significancia de α = .05. Los resultados de la investigación encontraron (1) hubo una diferencia significativa en la influencia entre los métodos de aprendizaje de la práctica masiva y la práctica distribuida en las habilidades de ataque de las artes marciales de esgrima (F = 72.654; p < .01), (2) no hubo una diferencia significativa en resultados de aprendizaje para las habilidades de ataque de artes marciales de esgrima entre grupos que tienen alta capacidad motora versus baja capacidad motora (F = 3,144; p > .05), y (3) no hubo interacción significativa entre la práctica masiva, la práctica distribuida y el aprendizaje de la capacidad motora métodos con habilidades de ataque de esgrima (F = .0001; p > .05). Los métodos de aprendizaje de práctica masiva parecen ser superiores a la hora de mejorar las habilidades de ataque de esgrima en comparación con la práctica distribuida.
Palabras clave: Métodos de aprendizaje, práctica masiva, práctica distribuida, habilidad motora, ataques de esgrima.
Abstract. The main aim of this research was to determine the influence of learning methods and motor skills on the learning outcomes of fencing attack skills. A 2 x 2 factorial design was used in this study to investigate two learning methods (massed practice and distributed practice) and two categories of motor ability (high and low). A total of 40 students were involved in this study and divided into four groups (A1B1, A1B2, A2B1, and A2B2), each group consisting of 10 people. Each group was given treatment for 16 meetings. The research data were analyzed using the t-test and analysis of variance at a significance level of α = .05. The results of the research found (1) there was a significant difference in influence between massed practice and distributed practice learning methods on fencing martial arts attack skills (F = 72.654; p < .01), (2) there was no significant difference in learning outcomes for fencing martial arts attack skills between groups that have high motor ability versus low motor ability (F = 3.144; p > .05), and (3) there was no significant interaction between massed practice, distributed practice, and motor ability learning methods with fencing attack skills (F = .0001; p > .05). Massed practice learning methods appear to be superior in improving fencing attack skills compared to distributed practice.
Keywords: Learning methods, massed practice, distributed practice, motor ability, fencing attacks
Citas
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